October 18, 2026 (in 9 days): Tenth Circuit: comments close on 2027 rules, incl. proposed Rule 46.5(B)(4) generative-AI review →

AI Hallucination Cases

US courts are deciding AI hallucination and sanctions cases at an accelerating pace. This tracker publishes a reference page per case with links to dockets, orders, and the related state bar rules or court standing orders that apply.

Covers monetary sanctions, bar discipline referrals, disqualifications, license suspensions, pro hac vice revocations, and pending cases where the appellate court has not yet ruled.

Bar opinions 51 Sanctions cases 790 Court orders 214
DC Fed. Cir. 0

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For the chronological view across all three trackers and federal AI guidance, see the AI legal regulation timeline.

+16 nationwide cases bind every state and don't show on the map (Zhejiang Dingli Machinery Co., Ltd. v. United States , In the Matter of Brian E. Mitchell , Appeal of PDO Ahuska Joint Venture LLC , +13 more).

About the map

The map highlights the strictest case binding each state. Color encodes severity; the count and breakdown appear in the tooltip. Nationwide tribunals (USPTO, JPML, EOIR, Tax Court) are tracked in the count and breakdown but excluded from the color so they don't wash out the per-state signal. On smaller states (RI, CT, DE, DC), use the "Choose state" picker below the map or keyboard arrow navigation from a focused neighbor. The map satisfies WCAG 2.5.8 via the picker (44 px+ touch targets for every state) and the keyboard adjacency map.

The AI tool filter matches text in each entry's AI tool field, which is recorded as free text and often includes the court's own qualifications. A match means the field mentions the product, not that the filer used it.

Showing 790 of 790 cases.

Case Court Date AI Tool Outcome Amount Verified
Garcia v. City of Monte Vista D. Colo. Sep 2026 Generative AI, no tool named (counsel's declaration, as the sanctions order recounts it, states he used generative AI "primarily to help identify potentially relevant cases" and attributes the misquotation to his own notes rather than to AI; the court states it "has no way of knowing" which produced it and accepts his representations) Court sanction Nonmonetary: all future filings by the Law Office of Troy D. Krenning, LLC and/or Troy D. Krenning must contain an AI Certification on the use or non-use of generative AI, signed by everyone who drafted the filing; plus an express warning of harsher sanctions, including monetary sanctions Sep 2026
Aguilar v. The Crawford Group, Inc. D. Mass. Sep 2026 Unnamed AI software (the court recounts that counsel admitted using AI to draft the opposition to the motion to strike, believing the enterprise-level version he used did not hallucinate cases; the court found it irrelevant that he had not admitted using AI in the Enterprise and Travelers oppositions) Court sanction The Lindemann Law Firm to pay the Enterprise Defendants' reasonable fees and costs for (a) replying to the opposition to their motion to strike, (b) filing the sanctions motion and its reply, and (c) replying to the opposition to their motion to dismiss, not to exceed $10,000; pro hac vice admission of attorney Blake Lindemann revoked Sep 2026
Cervantes v. Bianco Cal. Sep 2026 Unidentified (the court says the "improper use of artificial intelligence tools" apparently contributed to the error but names no tool) Warning None Oct 2026
Koeberer v. Weir 6th Cir. Sep 2026 Unidentified (the opinion addresses "problematic citations" identified in a show-cause order but does not attribute them to AI or name a tool) Warning None Sep 2026
Dean v. Commissioner of Social Security Administration D. Ariz. Sep 2026 Suspected (the court states the missing quotation "raises a concern that the Commissioner has provided an AI-hallucinated quotation"; no finding, no admission, no tool named) Other None; the court noted the concern in a footnote and imposed no sanction, show-cause, or directive Sep 2026
Garner v. Transit Employees Federal Credit Union D.D.C. Sep 2026 Unidentified (the court orders counsel to explain "whether he used generative artificial intelligence when writing his brief"; no finding or admission of AI use) Pending None imposed as of the September 22, 2026 order; show-cause response due October 6, 2026 Sep 2026
Posey v. Bushnell Idaho Sup. Ct. Sep 2026 Suspected, not found (the Court said the errors "suggest that she may have relied on generative artificial intelligence"; Bushnell maintained she did not, and the Court said her briefing and the record "raise serious doubt as to that assertion") Other None Sep 2026
Zhejiang Dingli Machinery Co., Ltd. v. United States U.S. Court of International Trade Sep 2026 Unidentified (the court says the statements are "so outlandish as to appear to be the product of hallucination, either by a human being or by artificial intelligence" and, if the plaintiff cannot substantiate them, requires declarations on who "or what, including artificial intelligence or other software program" wrote them; no finding of AI use) Pending None imposed as of the September 22, 2026 order; plaintiff to substantiate within 14 days or show cause under USCIT Rule 11(b)(3) Sep 2026
Englert v. Gateway Crossing Property Owners Association, Inc. Ind. Ct. App. Sep 2026 Unidentified (the decision records nonexistent and miscited cases and notes that the trial judge commented on "the dangers of relying on artificial intelligence" for legal research, but makes no finding that Englert used AI) Court sanction Fee award under Ind. Code 34-52-1-1 for frivolous, unreasonable, and groundless claims (trial court award, affirmed; the Court of Appeals found the nonexistent and miscited case law critical to the frivolousness conclusion); appellate fees denied; amount in the outcome Sep 2026
In re Estate of Ruth M. Gerdes Ill. App. 2d Dist. Sep 2026 Suspected generative AI (the court states the fictitious authorities have "led us to believe appellee's attorney used generative artificial intelligence (AI) to draft his brief"; no admission of use, no tool named) Pending None imposed as of the September 18, 2026 order; rule to show cause entered under Ill. S. Ct. R. 375, with any sanction to follow in a separate written order Sep 2026
Whitfield v. Prime Agency, LLC E.D. Pa. Sep 2026 Suspected (the court describes passages "with characteristics consistent with artificial intelligence hallucinations" and notes counsel has not explained what tools, "including any artificial intelligence tools, if applicable," were used; no finding or admission of AI use) Pending None imposed as of the September 18, 2026 order; show-cause response due October 2, 2026 and hearing set for October 15, 2026 Sep 2026
Parvaz v. KNJ Realty, Inc. Sup. Ct. Kings County (N.Y.) Sep 2026 Unidentified (the court records that the filer "was candid when asked by the court if he had used AI" and refers to "hallucinated citations"; no tool is named) Warning None; the court issued "a stern reprimand" and, "[i]n lieu of sanctions," required counsel to file a verified statement, under penalty of perjury, within seven days Sep 2026
Risner v. Starke County N.D. Ind. Sep 2026 Unidentified (a footnote states that an inconsistency between the complaint and the briefing "appears to have arisen from Plaintiffs' use of AI in drafting their pleading documents"; no tool named) Other None; the court noted the apparent AI use in a footnote and imposed no sanction or warning Sep 2026
Lisandrillo v. Palozzi Fla. 4th DCA Sep 2026 Suspected AI (the court states "We suspect that counsel's filings contain AI-generated components" and suspects AI generated arguments from an unofficial transcript; no finding or admission of use, no tool named) Pending None imposed as of 2026-09-29; order to show cause pending on whether sanctions, "such as referral to the Florida Bar for consideration of disciplinary proceedings," should be imposed under Fla. R. App. P. 9.410(a) Sep 2026
Bell v. City of Clairton W.D. Pa. Sep 2026 Lexis AI (the court recounts that counsel's show-cause response stated she used Lexis AI to prepare and draft the brief, and that she reconfirmed at the hearing she used Lexis's AI software; the court found the "Source" citations "seemingly produced by Lexis Source Link" and the brief's metadata title was "AI Assistant Response") Court sanction Non-monetary: four hours of CLE on artificial intelligence and legal ethics (in addition to Pennsylvania's annual requirement), with proof of completion, and CM/ECF filing training with the Clerk's Office; warning that fines will follow if practices are not remedied Sep 2026
Henry v. Long Island University E.D.N.Y. Sep 2026 Unidentified (the court refers to "what appears to be counsel's reliance on artificial intelligence"; no tool is named and no AI use is admitted in the order) Court sanction No monetary sanction; for two years, attorneys Karen Lynn Mizrahi and Brett R. Leitner must file a copy of the opinion in any E.D.N.Y. case in which they appear Sep 2026
Tiekert v. Village of Mamaroneck S.D.N.Y. Sep 2026 ChatGPT (counsel acknowledged relying on it to research and draft the oppositions) Court sanction $500 payable to the Clerk of Court; two New York CLE credits in Ethics and Professionalism on AI by December 31, 2026; a GenAI-use certification on any future filing in the court researched or drafted with GenAI; service of the order on the client Sep 2026
Virgil v. Experian Information Solutions, Inc., et al. S.D. Ind. Sep 2026 Not admitted or found (counsel attributed the errors to cutting and pasting from prior-case documents; the district court said it is difficult to see how that accounts for errors that are often "hallmarks of AI hallucinations" and held the source irrelevant) Court sanction $10,000 personal Rule 11 sanction against attorney James Policchio, payable to the Clerk within 30 days; matter referred to the Indiana Attorney Disciplinary Commission Sep 2026
Beus Gilbert PLLC v. Brigham Young University D. Utah Sep 2026 ClearBrief, Claude, ChatGPT, and Gemini, named as included among the models used (drafting attorney's statement at the show-cause hearing) Court sanction $2,000 penalty and two AI-ethics CLE courses for attorney Chad Pehrson; $1,000 penalty for attorney Robert S. Clark; both payable to the court with proof of payment within 30 days Sep 2026
Fay v. Warren Hospitality Suites, Inc. E.D. Mich. Sep 2026 Generative AI (counsel acknowledged it was used to draft the motions in limine and responses; tool not named) Court sanction $10,000 fine, jointly against plaintiff's attorney Schroeder and McKeen & Associates, P.C., payable to the court Clerk; plaintiff may not bear any part of it, including through her settlement Sep 2026
Pennmark Coventry Holdings, LLC v. Kohl's Department Stores, Inc. E.D. Pa. Sep 2026 Suspected (the court "questions whether this is merely an error by counsel, or whether Plaintiff may have relied upon a hallucinated quote from an artificial intelligence program"; no finding, no tool named) Other None; the court raised the question in a footnote and imposed no sanction, show-cause, or directive Sep 2026
State v. Sandoval (In re Stephen D. Aarons) N.M. Sup. Ct. Sep 2026 ChatGPT (respondent acknowledged in his written response and at oral argument that he used "the generative artificial intelligence (AI) tool ChatGPT" to prepare the brief in chief) Court sanction $5,000 to the State Bar of New Mexico Client Protection Fund as a sanction for direct contempt; referral to the Disciplinary Board; barred from appearing before the Supreme Court pending the disciplinary proceedings; all briefing stricken Sep 2026
Youssian v. Village of Kings Point N.Y. Sup. Ct. Sep 2026 Spellbook AI, a drafting tool embedded in Microsoft Word (counsel's explanation at the July 22, 2026 hearing, as the court recounts it) Court sanction $5,000 sanction payable to the Lawyer's Fund for Client Protection of the State of New York (as the order names it); attorney's fees of $8,000 to 22 Liam Properties LLC and $2,000 to the Village of Kings Point; petition and amended petition stricken and the proceeding dismissed Sep 2026
Asiedu v. Eastlund Minn. Ct. App. Sep 2026 Unnamed AI research tool (per the Court of Appeals, Asiedu "admitted that he used artificial intelligence as a research tool to draft his filings" at the district court hearing) Court sanction $2,341.25 in respondents' reasonable costs and attorney fees, imposed by the district court under its inherent authority (affirmed) Sep 2026
G.P. v. Arevalo W.D. Wash. Sep 2026 Unidentified (the order notes erroneous citations that Turo "contends--and G.P. does not dispute--are likely the result of AI fabrication"; no tool named) Warning None Sep 2026
State ex rel. Schnell v. Richardson Mo. Ct. App. E.D. Sep 2026 Generative AI, tool not named (the court recounts that counsel's show-cause response 'stated that she used generative artificial intelligence to research legal authorities') Court sanction $1,750 under Rule 55.03(c), payable by relator's counsel Jenna Rohr Conley to the petitioners in the underlying action for attorney's fees incurred in opposing the writ petition Sep 2026
Wurm v. Anchor Bay Packaging Corporation E.D. Mich. Sep 2026 Unidentified (the court states the motions "have all the earmarks of having been generated by AI"; no tool named or admitted) Warning None Sep 2026
Douglas v. Deutsche Bank National Trust Company D.C. Ct. App. Sep 2026 Google's generative AI search tool (the filing attorney's own description) Court sanction Non-monetary: appellee's brief stricken; matter referred to the Office of Disciplinary Counsel Sep 2026
Falkenstein v. Niles C.D. Cal. Sep 2026 Generative AI, tool not named (counsel disclosed generative AI use for the reply and the preliminary-injunction opposition and certified that no portion of the motion to dismiss was drafted with it; the court has not found that AI caused the errors) Pending Pending Sep 2026
Cole v. Hobby Town Unlimited, Inc. C.D. Ill. Sep 2026 Unnamed AI tool (counsel said he relied in part on prior work product "developed with the help of AI" as a drafting aid and template; the court describes the citations as hallucinated) Court sanction $1,000 fine payable to the Clerk of Court within 60 days; counsel ordered to send a copy of the order to the Illinois ARDC and to file a compliance status report within 60 days Sep 2026
Sea Swivel Inc. v. Shuttleslide LLC S.D. Fla. Sep 2026 CoCounsel, apparently (the court noted the response was titled "CoCounsel Skill Results" and its metadata listed CoCounsel as author, calling this an "apparent use of AI"; it would not, "at this juncture," draw a causal link between that use and the miscited case) Warning None Sep 2026
Illinois Department of Healthcare and Family Services ex rel. Shona L. Williams v. Samuel R. Lee, II Ill. App. Ct. (3d Dist.) Aug 2026 Suspected generative AI (majority: the only case cited "appears either entirely fabricated by Samuel or hallucinated through his improper use of generative artificial intelligence (AI)"; tool not identified) Warning None Sep 2026
Booker v. The Kroger Co. N.D. Ga. Aug 2026 Unnamed AI tools (counsel denied AI use at a hearing, then acknowledged in his show-cause response that he "consulted" AI tools) Court sanction $8,000 fine to the court registry's general sanctions fund ($1,000 for each of four authorities, doubled for lying to the court); documentation of completed ethics and technology CLE due within 7 days Sep 2026
Disciplinary Counsel v. Agee Ohio Bd. Prof. Conduct Aug 2026 Unnamed AI application (the complaint alleges that respondent "used artificial intelligence" to write the motion; his answer admits he "used artificial intelligence (AI) to assist in writing the motion") Pending None yet; a certified complaint alleging violations of Prof.Cond.R. 1.1 and 3.3(a)(1) is pending, with a formal hearing set for January 22, 2027 Sep 2026
Reyes v. Bailey D.N.M. Aug 2026 Unidentified (the order's only AI-related reference is its summary of the pro se plaintiff's contention that defendants misrepresented that he "hallucinated a case citation"; the court makes no AI finding) Other None; the court denied the pro se plaintiff's motion for sanctions against defendants and denied defendants' fee request Sep 2026
Adams v. Matrix Providers Inc. D. Colo. Aug 2026 Unidentified (the court states it is "unclear" whether the misstatements resulted from "the use of an AI legal search, or simply poor and unexacting legal judgment") Warning None Sep 2026
James v. Conley S.D. Fla. Aug 2026 Unnamed "AI-augmented" research (plaintiff's response conceded the training-key allegations rested on unverified AI-generated research; no tool named) Pending Pending Sep 2026
Kiser v. DeSimone Auto Group Pa. Super. Ct. Aug 2026 Unidentified (quoting an earlier Superior Court decision, the court said it was left to guess whether the "counterfeit authority is the product of a chatbot" or had a more nefarious explanation; it made no finding of AI use) Other None Sep 2026
Varma v. The Bank of New York Mellon Cal. Ct. App. Aug 2026 Generative AI (the appellants' written responses said they relied on "artificial intelligence research tools"; the court credited their later account that a paid nonlawyer drafted the brief and that they "were unaware that she used generative AI"; tool not identified) Court sanction Appellants ordered to pay the Bank of New York Mellon's appellate attorney fees as a sanction under Cal. Rules of Court, rule 8.276(a)(4), amount to be set by the trial court on remand; opinion forwarded to the State Bar regarding possible unauthorized practice of law by the nonlawyer drafter, Trina Patterson Sep 2026
Williams v. Dallas-Fort Worth International Airport Board N.D. Tex. Aug 2026 Unidentified (footnote 2 cautions that "use of generative artificial intelligence that results in repeated misrepresentations of law may qualify for sanctions"; the order does not find that AI was used or name a tool) Warning None; the court called plaintiffs' citations "a borderline sanctionable attempt" and cautioned in a footnote that AI use resulting in repeated misrepresentations of law may be sanctionable Sep 2026
Shelbert v. Baxter International, Inc. N.D. Ill. Aug 2026 Unidentified (the court wrote that "[t]he presumable conclusion was that Tyler had AI review Baxter's Answer and had it generate his Motion to Strike"; no admission and no tool named) Warning None; admonishment under the court's inherent authority and notice under Rule 11, stated to serve as both parties' warning Sep 2026
Turgeon v. Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation D.N.H. Aug 2026 Unidentified (the bankruptcy court described "false, hallucinated case citations"; neither court attributes them to AI or names a tool) Court sanction Not stated Sep 2026
Benjamin v. State of Maryland Md. App. Ct. Aug 2026 Unidentified (the court wrote that counsel "has not admitted that the mistakes in the brief were due to the use of AI, but that seems likely"; no tool named) Warning None; the court declined to refer counsel to the Attorney Grievance Commission and urged counsel to use AI responsibly and check all citations Sep 2026
LPC Commercial Services, LLC v. Ar-Razzaaq Properties, LLC Va. Ct. App. Aug 2026 Unidentified (the court concluded the phantom quotations came from "some form of computer-assisted research that went awry" and discussed AI at length; the opinion names no tool) Court sanction No monetary sanction; appellee's counsel directed to complete a continuing legal education course relating to AI or appellate practice within six months, under Code § 8.01-271.1 Sep 2026
Ruiz v. Magellan Financial & Insurance Services D. Ariz. Aug 2026 ChatGPT (named in counsel's response for two of the four affected filings; the court describes the errors in all four as AI-generated) Court sanction Formal public reprimand, which counsel must report wherever she is required to report past attorney discipline Sep 2026
Capital Standard, LLC v. U.S. Bank National Association Fla. 2d DCA Aug 2026 Unnamed generative AI tool (counsel described it as "a supplemental research tool"; the court found it was his "primary or only one") Court sanction $1,500 fine against attorney Kenneth H. Keefe ($500 for a belated show-cause response, $1,000 for AI misuse), payable within 14 days; personal liability for U.S. Bank's appellate fees for answering the amended initial brief (amount on remand); may not be charged to clients; referral to The Florida Bar Sep 2026
Disruptive Resources, LLC v. Ballistic Barrier Products Inc. D. Del. Aug 2026 Strongsuit (counsel's self-disclosed use to outline a reply brief and pull supporting deposition statements) Warning None Sep 2026
Dotson v. Bob Evans Farms, LLC C.D. Cal. Aug 2026 Unidentified (the court said the misattributed quotations "bear the hallmarks of hallucinated cases created by artificial intelligence" and ordered counsel to declare whether generative AI was used; no tool named) Pending None imposed in this order; order to show cause re monetary sanctions and State Bar referral of Todd M. Friedman set for August 28, 2026 Sep 2026
Full Standard Properties, LLC v. SJ 6070, LLC N.D. Cal. Aug 2026 Unidentified (the orders flag citations to nonexistent cases but do not attribute them to AI or name a tool) Other No sanction imposed; order to show cause discharged after plaintiff's counsel reimbursed defendant $14,500 in attorneys' fees by informal agreement Sep 2026
Cain v. Hyatt Corporation d/b/a Hyatt Regency Resort Lost Pines Spa and Resort W.D. Tex. Aug 2026 Unidentified (neither the show-cause order nor the order declining sanctions mentions AI or names a tool; both call the cited case nonexistent) Other None Sep 2026
Snisko v. Cascade Funding Mortgage Trust HB4 N.D. Ill. Aug 2026 Unidentified (the order refers to "fabricated legal citations" and false quotations but does not mention AI or name a tool) Pending None yet; appellant's counsel Martin Spencer ordered to show cause why he should not be sanctioned, response due September 9, 2026 Sep 2026
Wilkinson v. Schmelzer Iowa Ct. App. Aug 2026 Alleged by the appellee; not found (the court found no hallucinated case and could not say whether one nonexistent rule citation was "a simple typo or the result of unchecked AI use") Warning None; sanctions declined. Separately, the appellee was awarded all of her requested appellate attorney fees as the prevailing party, and all costs were assessed to the appellant Sep 2026
Garcia Perez v. Blanche W.D. Tex. Aug 2026 Unidentified (the order says "an alarming number" of the Reply's cited cases are "nonexistent, 'hallucinated' cases" and cautions that "future inaccurate citations 'hallucinated' by generative artificial intelligence tools may result in sanctions"; it names no tool and makes no express finding about how the citations were produced) Warning None Sep 2026
In re Marriage of Muriel and Farris Wash. Ct. App. Aug 2026 Suspected generative AI, tool not named (the court wrote: "We surmise that Jonathan used artificial intelligence (AI) to assist in writing his brief, which resulted in an 'AI hallucination.'") Court sanction Appellant's appellate attorney fees for time spent reviewing and responding to the respondent's brief, awarded under RAP 18.9(a); amount to be determined by the commissioner under RAP 18.1(f) Sep 2026
Kourradi v. Wyatt Brian Christopher d/b/a NXT-L3VL Mobile Mechanic Fab and Performance Tex. App. (1st Dist.) Aug 2026 "Legal Research AI" tool, per the court's July 16, 2026 strike order, which observed that the corrected brief filed February 11, 2026 "appears to have been prepared with the assistance of" it; the August 18, 2026 opinion makes no AI finding about the fourth brief, concluding only that "[t]he nature of the errors suggests that each of the foregoing legal citations is, at best, partially fabricated" Court sanction Non-monetary: appellant's fourth brief struck and appeal dismissed for want of prosecution under Tex. R. App. P. 38.9(a) and 42.3(b) (the opinion does not describe this as a sanction) Sep 2026
Boettcher v. Boettcher Ariz. Ct. App. Aug 2026 Unidentified (the opinion strikes an apparently false quotation and cites Acciavatti's hallucinated-citation holding, but does not attribute the quotation to AI) Other None; the apparently false quotation was struck and the court declined to impose sanctions Sep 2026
Brankle v. Schmell Ind. Ct. App. Aug 2026 ChatGPT or another AI tool (trial court's inference, quoted by the Court of Appeals: the citations led the trial court "to opine that Brankle is using ChatGPT or other form of artificial intelligence"; no admission noted in the decision) Court sanction $1,546.00 of the defendant's motion-to-compel expenses under Ind. Trial Rule 37(A)(4) (trial court award, affirmed); remand for the defendant's reasonable appellate attorneys' fees under the same rule Sep 2026
Guerra Quezada v. United States 5th Cir. Aug 2026 Unidentified (the opinion flags a quotation the court could not locate in any opinion and several misattributed authorities but does not mention AI) Warning None Sep 2026
Chapman v. City of Priceville N.D. Ala. Aug 2026 Unidentified (the court states in a footnote that "it appears likely from the nature of the misrepresentations that the filings at issue were generated by artificial intelligence"; counsel attributed the drafting to his non-lawyer client) Court sanction Public reprimand; copy of the order to opposing counsel and the presiding judge in every pending case in which counsel is of record, and to the client; order submitted for publication in the Federal Supplement Sep 2026
In re Bard Implanted Port Catheter Products Liability Litigation D. Ariz. Aug 2026 ChatGPT (plaintiffs' expert Dr. Ahmed El-Ghannam acknowledged at deposition that he used "all engines, including ChatGPT"; defendants identified no hallucinated citation in the report at issue) Other None; the AI-based challenge to the expert was rejected Sep 2026
JMOR Properties, LLC v. Artist Alley Townhomes, LLC Fla. 4th DCA Aug 2026 Unnamed AI software (the court recounts that counsel explained his normal process is to have "artificial intelligence ("AI") software research and draft the initial document," and that he alleged he filed the unrevised AI draft by mistake) Court sanction Non-monetary: referral of counsel Barry M. Leff to The Florida Bar for consideration of disciplinary proceedings Sep 2026
Suva v. Suva Cal. Ct. App. (4th Dist. Div. 3) Aug 2026 Unidentified (the court said the misquoted authorities "could be an instance of counsel improperly using artificial intelligence (AI) to assist in brief writing or there could be another explanation"; no finding and no tool named) Warning None Sep 2026
Stephen J. Palumbo and Lori A. Palumbo v. Gregory M. Palumbo Del. Ch. Aug 2026 Unidentified (the Magistrate observed that fictitious quotations are "one of the hallmarks of Artificial Intelligence usage"; no finding that AI was used and no tool named) Pending Fees and costs shifted to petitioners under the bad-faith exception to the American Rule (amount not stated); recommended in a Magistrate's final report Sep 2026
WRI Summit REIT LP v. Kuerschner Ariz. Ct. App. Aug 2026 Suspected generative AI (the court stated the errors are "consistent with the misuse of generative AI"; no finding, admission, or tool) Court sanction Appeal dismissed under ARCAP 25; personal representative awarded reasonable appellate attorney fees and taxable costs under ARCAP 25 (amount to be set under ARCAP 21); late corrective motion denied Sep 2026
Brown v. Real Estate Capital of America, LLC N.Y. Sup. Ct. Aug 2026 Alleged by movants only (movants Su and RECAP asserted the quotation was fabricated by AI; the court did not decide whether it was "an AI fabrication, rather than the product of ordinary human error") Other None; request for attorney fees as a sanction denied Sep 2026
Smith v. Polk County W.D.N.C. Aug 2026 Disputed and unidentified (counsel denied using AI for legal research and said an AI program "embedded in her practice" cannot hallucinate, but did not name it; the court found the origin of the fabricated quotations "remains a mystery") Warning None Sep 2026
Mohamed Ali v. Saeed Osman N.D. Sup. Ct. Aug 2026 Unidentified (the opinion sanctions "multiple fictitious or nonexistent citation errors" but does not mention AI or attribute the errors to any tool) Court sanction $1,000 sanction payable by the appellant to the appellee (N.D.R.App.P. 13) Sep 2026
Burgess v. Greater Cleveland Regional Transit Authority N.D. Ohio Aug 2026 Suspected, not found (the court "strongly suspects that AI was used to draft the Opposition" and said the citation "bears the hallmarks of a hallucinated case citation"; no tool named) Warning None Sep 2026
City of Murfreesboro v. BFI Waste Systems of Tennessee, LLC M.D. Tenn. Aug 2026 Unnamed AI tools (counsel confirmed that a major factor was the failure to check content generated through tools using artificial intelligence) Court sanction Public reprimand and $1,500 payable to the Clerk of Court within 30 days (attorney Louis W. Ringger III) Sep 2026
In re Garcia-Martz Bankr. N.D. Ind. Aug 2026 Unidentified (neither the June 10, 2026 decision nor the August 6, 2026 order mentions AI; the court flags a nonexistent rule, a quotation not found in the cited case, and misstated case law) Other None Sep 2026
Isles v. Family Dollar Ariz. Ct. App. Aug 2026 Unidentified (the decision says only "[t]o the extent Isles relied on artificial intelligence in preparing her briefing"; it makes no finding of AI use) Warning No sanction for the citations; footnoted warning that future inaccuracies may draw ARCAP 25 sanctions. Separately, appellees awarded reasonable attorney fees under A.R.S. 12-349 and costs under A.R.S. 12-341 because the appeal lacked substantial justification Sep 2026
San Antonio Independent School District v. Becerra Tex. App. (4th Dist.) Aug 2026 Generative AI, as the court's assessment (four cited opinions "appear to be hallucinations created by generative artificial intelligence"); no tool named and no admission of AI use recorded Warning None Sep 2026
Barteca Holdings LLC v. Tacobarn Newtown LLC D. Conn. Aug 2026 Open Law, Claude and ChatGPT (counsel explained at the show-cause hearing that he used them for suggestions on a brief he first drafted himself) Court sanction $3,500 deposited with the Clerk of Court; referral to the District of Connecticut Grievance Committee under Local Rule 83(c)(2); Westlaw or Lexis hyperlinks required for every authority in defendants' future filings Sep 2026
Cristancho v. SWBC Mortgage Corp. S.D. Tex. Aug 2026 Unidentified (the memorandum and recommendation calls two cited cases fabricated but does not attribute them to AI or name a tool) Warning None Sep 2026
De Ford v. Koutoulas M.D. Fla. Aug 2026 Not identified (the court said it "believes" the cited cases were "hallucinated from Artificial Intelligence" and later found fabricated authority in at least eight filings, but made no finding of AI use; no admission recorded) Court sanction Default judgment against defendant James Koutoulas on the Third Amended Complaint; plaintiffs' reasonable attorneys' fees and costs for his discovery violations, amount to be set on motion Sep 2026
Forney v. Township of Cary, North Carolina E.D.N.C. Aug 2026 Unidentified (the order sanctions fabricated legal authority but does not attribute it to AI or name a tool) Court sanction Attorney's fees the Town of Cary incurred as a result of counsel's brief (amount to be set on a later fee submission); referral to the North Carolina State Bar with the hearing transcript Sep 2026
Higgins v. State Tex. App. (12th Dist.) Jul 2026 Unidentified AI; the opinion recounts that trial defense counsel "admitted that the memorandum was produced by artificial intelligence and he did not read the cases cited therein"; counsel later testified that he used AI to transcribe discovery videos and "to generate memoranda regarding legal issues" Other None Sep 2026
In re Mahar; Mahar v. New Rez LLC d/b/a Shellpoint Mortgage Servicing Bankr. E.D. Va. Jul 2026 Unidentified (the court's opinion flags a nonexistent case and incorrect citations but does not attribute them to AI or name a tool) Other None Sep 2026
Matter of Mendel S. v. Faigy S. N.Y. Fam. Ct. Jul 2026 Generative AI, tool not named (the court said counsel cited "hallucinated cases" and "suspected" they were produced through counsel's use of generative artificial intelligence; counsel took "sole responsibility for submitting hallucinated cases") Court sanction $1,000 payable by counsel to the Lawyers' Fund for Client Protection of the State of New York within 20 days; no referral to the Attorney Grievance Committee Sep 2026
TOV Realty, LLC v. Suarez; Kosel Equity, LLC v. MacGregor Conn. Sup. Ct. Jul 2026 ChatGPT (admitted; used to edit briefs drafted from LexisNexis research) Court sanction $2,000 total ($1,000 each from Attorney Ian G. Gottlieb and GLG Law, LLC) to the CT Bar Institute, Inc.; six additional CLE hours (three on generative AI); compliance report within six months Sep 2026
United States v. Karnezis D. Or. Jul 2026 Not attributed to AI: the opinion records that defense counsel stated at the hearing that the misquotation "was not a result of using generative AI but rather an inadvertent mistake"; the court made no finding either way Warning None Sep 2026
Carey v. Breakell D. Utah Jul 2026 Suspected, not found: the court located citations "suggesting that the improper use of artificial intelligence may have occurred" and left the issue to the transferee judge; no tool is named and counsel's explanation, if any, is not recorded Other None Sep 2026
Cole v. Lee Ill. App. Ct. (1st Dist.) Jul 2026 Unidentified (the order flags miscited authorities and authorities cited for propositions they do not support, but does not attribute them to AI) Court sanction Non-monetary: appellant's brief stricken and appeal dismissed in the court's discretion under Illinois Supreme Court Rule 341 (the order does not describe this as a sanction) Sep 2026
In the Interest of Q.C. and P.C., Children Tex. App. Jul 2026 Unidentified (the opinion notes a citation to a nonexistent case and quotations "nowhere to be found in the cited case law" but does not attribute them to AI or name a tool) Other None; the court noted the defects in the text and a footnote and took no action on them Sep 2026
In the Interest of S.M.T. and S.J.T., Children Tex. App. (14th Dist.) Jul 2026 Unidentified; the opinion states the brief was "either (1) the result of using artificial intelligence yielding hallucination citations or (2) a deliberate attempt to mislead this court" and says "I prefer to assume the use of AI rather than intentional deception"; no tool is named Court sanction Non-monetary: attorney Jerry Lytel Lavespere, III ordered to attend three hours of CLE on the dangers of the use of artificial intelligence in court filings (attended, not self-study, and in addition to the State Bar of Texas annual requirement) and to certify attendance to the court within sixty days Sep 2026
Ruiz v. Magellan Financial & Insurance Services D. Ariz. Jul 2026 Claude AI (counsel's show-cause response, as quoted in the order, says she used Claude AI to research and prepare the brief; the court says further errors in three other briefs "may also be attributable to the misuse of generative AI") Other None Sep 2026
Scott v. Illinois Human Rights Commission Ill. App. Ct. (1st Dist.) Jul 2026 ChatGPT (counsel stated he "frequently use[s] a premier corporate subscription of ChatGPT" to "synthesize complex matters") Court sanction $15,000 against attorney Mason Cole ($1,500 for each of 10 false citations and quotations), payable to the clerk of the Appellate Court, First District, within 30 days; opinion sent to the Illinois Attorney Registration and Disciplinary Commission Sep 2026
Transcontinental Realty Investors, Inc. v. Moos N.D. Tex. Jul 2026 Suspected generative AI, tool not identified (the court wrote that the nonexistent authority was "likely the result of imprudent reliance on a generative artificial intelligence tool") Warning None; footnote admonition to counsel, noting that the attorney who signed the brief appears pro hac vice Sep 2026
In the Matter of Brian E. Mitchell USPTO Jul 2026 Two generative AI tools, not named (per the stipulated facts, one to draft proposed claim constructions and a second to review the plaintiff's portion of the chart) Bar discipline Public reprimand by settlement; publication in the OED FOIA Reading Room and a notice in the Official Gazette; each side bears its own costs Sep 2026
Lichfield v. Kubler 10th Cir. Jul 2026 Assumed generative AI, tool not identified (the panel wrote that "we assume the use of generative artificial intelligence led to the misrepresentations of legal authority") Warning None; the panel held the brief failed to fully comply with 10th Cir. R. 46.5 but declined sanctions and cautioned counsel Sep 2026
LeDoux v. Outliers, Inc. W.D. Wash. Jul 2026 ChatGPT and Claude (per counsel's sworn declaration, as recounted in the July 24, 2026 sanctions order) Court sanction $3,000 personal sanction on attorney Jocelyn Stewart, payable to the Clerk; certification of verified citations on all later briefing in the case; copy of the order to the client Sep 2026
Almeida Porfirio v. Mullin D.D.C. Jul 2026 Suspected AI, tool not identified (the court wrote that the errors "bear the hallmarks of reliance on an artificial intelligence tool" but made no finding that anything improper was done) Other None; the court declined to make any finding or open an inquiry and left the matter to the transferee court Sep 2026
Hagan v. Black Diamond Experts, LLC D. Utah Jul 2026 Suspected AI, tool not identified (the court wrote that its inability to locate the case "suggests that this citation may be a hallucination of artificial intelligence") Warning None; the court admonished counsel and warned that sanctions may be imposed if any improper use of AI "is determined to have occurred in the future" Sep 2026
Thomas v. U.S. Department of Justice E.D.N.C. Jul 2026 Unidentified (the court's July 23 order grants the defendants' motion to correct their "errant citation to a 'hallucinated' case," reciting the motion's own description; defense counsel's response says the citation most likely came from an internet search, possibly an AI-generated search result, and does not name a tool) Other None Sep 2026
Gouldy v. Chiasson Fla. 4th DCA Jul 2026 Unidentified (the opinion places the brief within a trend in which "it appears that many pro se litigants" are using AI platforms, and the show-cause order calls one citation "hallucinated"; neither finds that Gouldy used AI or names a tool) Court sanction Non-monetary: by order of Aug. 12, 2026, the Clerk is directed to no longer accept any paper filed by the appellant unless reviewed and signed by a member in good standing of the Florida Bar who certifies a good faith basis for each claim Sep 2026
Pamon v. United States Postal Service N.D. Tex. Jul 2026 Unidentified (the order upholds a magistrate judge's warning about AI use after two cited cases could not be found; it names no tool and makes no finding that AI was used) Warning None Sep 2026
D'Ambrosio v. Meta Platforms Inc. 7th Cir. Jul 2026 Suspected generative AI (the May 15 opinion says the brief's "mistakes and fictitious quotations bear the hallmarks of the misuse of generative artificial intelligence" but proceeds "regardless of how these particular errors came about"; the July 21 order describes "fictious quotations and misstatements of law apparently generated by artificial intelligence and not corrected by counsel"; no admission, no tool named) Court sanction $7,997.60 to the Rajala appellees ($6,712.50 attorney fees plus $1,285.10 double costs under Fed. R. App. P. 38), jointly and severally against D'Ambrosio, attorney Aaron Walner and Trent Law Firm, P.C.; $5,000 fine against Walner payable to the clerk under Fed. R. App. P. 46(c); show-cause as to attorney Marc Trent's oral-argument statements discharged; May 15 opinion forwarded to the Illinois ARDC Sep 2026
Evans v. Robertson E.D. Mich. Jul 2026 Unidentified (the July 21, 2026 order strikes 'factitious citations' without mentioning AI; the magistrate judge's September 25, 2025 order called earlier factitious citations 'presumably a product of using artificial intelligence (AI) software') Court sanction Not stated Sep 2026
Khan v. Howard County Board of Appeals Md. App. Ct. Jul 2026 Unidentified (the opinion catalogs at least 40 citation irregularities, including non-existent cases and misquotations, but does not mention AI or name a tool) Court sanction Non-monetary: portions of the appellant's briefs struck; remaining arguments not reached Sep 2026
Kings Roofing NWFL, LLC v. Fusion Works Construction, LLC Fla. 6th DCA Jul 2026 Unidentified generative AI (the May 22, 2026 opinion says the Initial Brief "looks as if it was drafted with the assistance of generative artificial intelligence"; the July 20, 2026 order describes it as "apparently produced with the assistance of generative artificial intelligence"; no tool named) Other Non-monetary: matter referred to The Florida Bar "for any action it deems appropriate"; order to show cause discharged; the order does not call the referral a sanction and imposes no fine Sep 2026
Mbow v. Mackert D. Md. Jul 2026 Unspecified generative AI Warning None Oct 2026
Cames v. Lowe's Home Centers, LLC M.D. Fla. Jul 2026 Suspected AI, tool not identified (the court wrote that "the typos paired with the misstatements of the holdings raises a suspicion of improper A.I. usage") Warning None; the court cautioned defense counsel in a footnote and denied the motion without prejudice because Lowe's did not carry its initial burden Sep 2026
Daghra v. Hinkley W.D. Mich. Jul 2026 Unidentified (the court wrote that "it seems this citation was likely produced by generative artificial intelligence"; the order names no tool and records no explanation from the Government) Warning None Sep 2026
Arrieta v. Cervantes Ariz. Ct. App. Jul 2026 Unidentified (the decision identifies two nonexistent cases but does not attribute them to AI) Court sanction Appellee Arrieta awarded her reasonable appellate attorney fees and costs as a sanction under ARCAP 25, amount to be set on compliance with ARCAP 21(b) Sep 2026
Hippe v. Retention Brands, LLC E.D. Wis. Jul 2026 Unidentified (the show-cause order said hallucinated citations are "typically hallmarks of Artificial Intelligence ('AI') use" and that the motion "bears additional AI fingerprints"; counsel's response "did not specifically address" AI use and said he "utilized legal research and drafting tools to assist in the drafting process") Other No award of attorneys' fees and costs (plaintiff withdrew the request, which the court called "punishment enough"); "No further sanctions will be imposed" Sep 2026
In re Estate of Acciavatti (Dineen v. Kotchka) Ariz. Ct. App. Jul 2026 Unnamed "artificial-intelligence-assisted research tools" (the self-represented appellant's description) Court sanction Appellant ordered to pay the appellee the portion of her appellate attorneys' fees caused by the hallucinated and misrepresented citations (A.R.S. 12-349 and ARCAP 25), amount to be set on application; deficient citations struck and issues treated as waived Sep 2026
Jean v. Seattle Credit Union W.D. Wash. Jul 2026 Unidentified (the order discharges a show-cause order over nonexistent authority, finds the plaintiff's explanations not credible, and requires future AI disclosure; it makes no finding that AI was used or which tool) Warning None Sep 2026
In re Rosslyn2016, LLC Bankr. S.D. Tex. Jul 2026 Unidentified (the court describes the authority as 'apparently generated by artificial intelligence'; counsel said his Westlaw 'Precision' version, 'upon information and believe [sic],' incorporates AI capabilities, but attributed the citations to a prior filing or template) Court sanction Six hours of State Bar of Texas CLE on generative AI in the courts (the Rule 9011 sanction for the citations; non-monetary). Separately, under inherent power and 11 U.S.C. § 105(a), civil contempt of the turnover order and a bad-faith fee award to the Trustee, joint and several with the petitioning creditors (amount in the outcome) Sep 2026
Tekway, Inc. v. AT&T Services, Inc. N.D. Ill. Jul 2026 Unidentified (the order flags a nonexistent citation but does not mention AI or name a tool) Other None Sep 2026
James F. v. Commissioner of Social Security E.D. Mich. Jul 2026 Unidentified (counsel attributed the misstatements to prior work product, prior summaries, and draft language; she admitted her firm occasionally uses AI to summarize medical records but, per the order, could not be certain whether it was involved here) Court sanction Non-monetary Rule 11 sanction on attorney Erin Rich and her firm: four specified NOSSCR continuing legal education courses with completion report due September 14, 2026; review of pending E.D. Mich. cases for similar falsities and amendment where necessary Sep 2026
Appeal of PDO Ahuska Joint Venture LLC ASBCA Jul 2026 Unidentified (the Board found each of four citations "is fictitious and appears to be an AI hallucination"; no tool named) Court sanction Non-monetary: the fictitious citations and the contentions they supported struck from appellant's motion for partial summary judgment Sep 2026
Akerlund v. Atlas Air, Inc. 11th Cir. Jul 2026 AI tools, not named (the Court found counsel was "outsourcing his legal work to an AI algorithm" and filed "briefs generated by AI tools") Other None imposed in the opinion; the Court stated that, in a separate order, it will, through the Chief Judge, refer the matter to the Committee on Lawyer Qualifications and Conduct Sep 2026
Cartagena v. Dixon S.D.N.Y. Jul 2026 Protégé (LexisNexis) (claimed; LexisNexis disputes Blackburn had access) Court sanction Not stated Oct 2026
Chapman v. Decker S.D. Ill. Jul 2026 Unidentified (the court observed that "[s]uch phenomena are becoming more frequent in the age of generative artificial intelligence" but held counsel responsible "whether these mistakes are a result of AI or other error"; it made no finding that AI was used) Warning None Sep 2026
Del Biaggio v. Bansen Cal. Ct. App. Jul 2026 Generative AI (counsel's declaration said his office "uses generative AI"; the court gleaned from his declaration that he used it to make additions to the opening brief, and stated that he "admitted the unverified use of AI"; tool not identified) Court sanction $1,500 against attorney Carlton Floyd, payable to the clerk of the Court of Appeal under Cal. Rules of Court, rule 8.276(a)(4); opinion forwarded to the State Bar under Bus. & Prof. Code 6086.7(a)(3); Floyd to give his client a copy and certify he has done so; respondents' request for sanctions denied Sep 2026
Holmes v. Cape Meadows E.D. Mo. Jul 2026 Generative AI, tool not identified (the court states the TRO motion 'appears to have been drafted using generative artificial intelligence,' citing unfilled template brackets and a nonexistent case) Other None Sep 2026
In re Lisa Cato Bankr. D.D.C. Jul 2026 Unidentified (the order calls the citations fabricated and 'hallucinated caselaw' and cites an order requiring a generative AI certification on the filer's future filings; no tool is named) Warning None Sep 2026
Parnell v. Florida Department of Corrections 11th Cir. Jul 2026 Suspected generative AI, not confirmed (the Court wrote that the citations were "generated by AI, as we suspect, or simply made up by counsel"; counsel gave no explanation) Court sanction Attorney's fees to the appellee for preparing the motion to strike and for sanctions (amount reserved); portions of the reply brief struck; referral of attorney Dufirstson J. Neree to the Committee on Lawyer Qualifications and Conduct Sep 2026
Burlingame v. Argo Private Client Group, Ltd. N.D. Ohio Jul 2026 Unspecified generative AI Warning None Sep 2026
GS Holistic, LLC v. AAR Management LLC S.D. Tex. Jul 2026 Unidentified (the magistrate judge wrote that he "cannot tell whether these errors are the result of shoddy work by Defendants' counsel or the use of artificial intelligence without any effort to check the citations before filing") Warning None; the magistrate judge called counsel's actions troubling and wrote, "I do not want to confront this issue again" Sep 2026
Patel v. Patel W.D. Ky. Jul 2026 Suspected generative AI (the show-cause order says the citations and quotations "appear to be generative artificial intelligence ('AI') hallucinations" and refers to "apparently" relying on AI-generated content); the July 7 order does not say whether counsel admitted AI use; no tool named Warning None; the court found the show-cause order satisfied, declined to impose sanctions, and admonished both attorneys Sep 2026
Aragon v. Industrial Claim Appeals Office Colo. Ct. App. Jul 2026 Unidentified (the division warned that false quotations "whether generated by an artificial intelligence tool or otherwise" in future appellate submissions may draw sanctions; it made no finding that AI was used) Warning None; the division declined to enter sanctions and placed counsel on notice that false quotations in future appellate submissions may result in sanctions Sep 2026
Aught v. Roe D. Nev. Jul 2026 Suspected, not found (the court said the amended complaint "appears to be drafted with artificial intelligence"; no tool identified) Warning None imposed. Case-specific directive: every filing by the plaintiff must include a certification stating whether AI was used to prepare it Sep 2026
Patterson v. Nuvision Credit Union Cal. Ct. App. Jul 2026 Unspecified AI (the court's summary of the show-cause hearing records that the self-represented appellant used an unspecified form of AI in drafting the brief and that a helper who is not currently an attorney may have relied on generative AI; tool not identified) Court sanction $500 sanction under Cal. Rules of Court, rule 8.276(a)(4), execution suspended; opinion forwarded to the State Bar to investigate possible unauthorized practice of law by the appellant Sep 2026
Kevin Leiske et al. v. Robert Gregory Kidd et al. Del. Ch. Jul 2026 Generative AI tool, not named (per the order, plaintiffs' counsel filed a letter "acknowledging the use of a generative artificial intelligence ('GenAI') tool to revise the text of the Answering Brief") Pending Pending Sep 2026
Carbonell v. United States W.D. Tex. Jun 2026 Unidentified (the order recounts the government's assertion that the objections contain 'hallucinated' citations 'seemingly created by the improper use of generative artificial intelligence'; the court makes no finding) Other None Sep 2026
P-Three Development, LLC v. Therm Flo, Inc. Ill. App. Ct. (1st Dist.) Jun 2026 Suspected generative AI (the court had "reason to believe" the pro se intervenor "may have relied on drafting tools, such as generative AI"; not acknowledged by him; tool not identified) Court sanction Non-monetary: intervenor-appellant's brief stricken and appeal dismissed in the court's discretion under Illinois Supreme Court Rule 341 (the order does not describe this as a sanction) Sep 2026
Marquez v. Dreiling D. Kan. Jun 2026 Unidentified (the order flags a quotation not found in the cited opinion but does not attribute it to AI or name a tool) Other None Sep 2026
Barari v. Burgess Ariz. Ct. App. Jun 2026 Generative AI (the court found not credible the appellant's insistence that she did not use it; she later admitted using it "only minimally"; tool not identified) Court sanction Non-monetary: motion to amend the opening brief denied and, as a sanction under ARCAP 25, each inaccurate and false legal citation struck; arguments deemed waived Sep 2026
Ex parte A.I.F.-H. Ala. Civ. App. Jun 2026 Suspected AI in a dissent only (Judge Bowden wrote that four of the five cases cited in the mandamus petition "appear to be 'hallucinations' from an online artificial-intelligence ('AI') tool and misrepresentations of holdings in real cases"); the main opinion does not address it; tool not named Other None Sep 2026
Compania General de Combustibles S.A. v. RGR Global Logistics, LLC S.D. Tex. Jun 2026 Unidentified (the court ordered Union Pacific to state what search engine or other tools its counsel used and said that if counsel "used artificial intelligence to aid in their legal research, they should explicitly state such"; no finding of AI use) Pending None imposed; show-cause directive to produce the cited case and explain how counsel located it Sep 2026
Herod v. Hobby Lobby Stores, Inc. N.D. Tex. Jun 2026 Generative AI, tool not named (per the order, counsel admitted at the hearing that plaintiff's counsel "failed to verify this citation after utilizing generative artificial intelligence in the drafting of his response") Other None; the court recorded the admission in a footnote and imposed no sanction, show-cause order, or warning Sep 2026
Landberg v. City of New York N.Y. App. Div. 2d Dep't Jun 2026 Unnamed free, publicly available AI-assisted research tool (counsel's affirmation: "one of the free ones available to the public") Court sanction $8,000 against attorney Michael Sanders and $2,500 against Law Offices of Michael S. Lamonsoff, PLLC, each payable to the Lawyers' Fund for Client Protection within 20 days of service Sep 2026
Patterson v. Digital Federal Credit Union Cal. Ct. App. Jun 2026 Unidentified (the court states the citation errors "bear the hallmarks of fabricated legal authority created by generative artificial intelligence (AI)"; no finding or admission of AI use, no tool named) Other None: arguments resting on nonexistent cases and quotations deemed forfeited; judgment affirmed with costs to respondent; trial court directed to hold a noticed hearing on whether to declare the appellant a vexatious litigant Sep 2026
Euphoric, LLC v. Westport Community Improvement District W.D. Mo. Jun 2026 Unidentified (neither order finds AI use; the June 3, 2026 order said counsel's duty applies "whatever the root cause for these inaccuracies and errors (including any use of legal or non-legal generative AI tools, for example)"; the June 22 show-cause order does not mention AI) Pending None yet; show-cause order under Rule 11, 28 U.S.C. 1927, and the court's inherent authority, requiring a declaration and a response brief by July 8, 2026 Sep 2026
FHMC, LLC v. Blue Cross and Blue Shield of Arizona, Inc. Ariz. Ct. App. Jun 2026 Unidentified (the decision flags fabricated LexisNexis reporter citations and unsupported propositions but does not attribute them to AI) Other No monetary sanction; decision forwarded to the State Bar of Arizona to review whether counsel violated any rule of professional conduct Sep 2026
Hoagland Family Limited Partnership v. Town of Clear Lake Ind. Ct. App. Jun 2026 Unidentified (the court says it is "likely" the nonexistent citation and quotation "were created using generative artificial intelligence"; no tool is named and the opinion records no explanation in the reply brief) Warning None Sep 2026
Zhdanovich-Doty v. Provident Life and Accident Insurance Company N.D. Cal. Jun 2026 Suspected, no tool named (the court states it "is concerned that plaintiff's counsel relied on an artificial intelligence tool that generated a nonexistent case citation"; no finding or admission) Warning None; counsel was placed "on notice that any future submission of nonexistent authority may result in appropriate sanctions" Sep 2026
House v. TH Foods, Inc. D. Nev. Jun 2026 Unidentified (the order recounts that at a November 17, 2025 hearing the court noted the plaintiff 'appeared to be relying on artificial intelligence to draft his filings'; no tool is named) Pending Pending Sep 2026
Progressive Northern Insurance Company v. Tony Pete Flores, et al. D. Nev. Jun 2026 Unidentified (the order describes "Counsel's submission of AI-generated content without verifying the accuracy of the cited authorities"; no tool is named) Warning None Sep 2026
Twigg v. BSN Sports, Inc. M.D. Pa. Jun 2026 Unidentified (the May 21, 2026 opinion refers to "the usage of what appears to be artificial intelligence in the brief" and says counsel "tacitly admitted that the errors were due to the use of artificial intelligence"; no tool named) Court sanction $1,500 payable personally by Nicholas W. Mattiacci, Sr. to the Clerk of Court within 14 days (not counted toward taxed litigation costs); six-month suspension from practicing in the Middle District of Pennsylvania, with automatic reinstatement, commencing June 22, 2026 Sep 2026
Barber v. Morawa Mich. Ct. App. Jun 2026 AI research tools, not named (counsel's Notice of Correction attributed the errors to "over-reliance on artificial intelligence research tools"; at oral argument he acknowledged using AI to prepare the Notice itself) Court sanction Defendant's actual damages and expenses, including reasonable attorney fees, incurred because of the vexatious appeal, to be determined by the trial court after an evidentiary hearing on remand and paid by plaintiff's counsel personally; opinion forwarded to the Attorney Grievance Commission Sep 2026
Ajakaiye v. Oladipupo Md. App. Ct. Jun 2026 Unidentified (counsel denied using AI; the court found he copied citations from the client's pro se filing and said copying from filings "generated using AI--which is likely what happened here" is no less problematic) Other No monetary sanction; matter referred to the Attorney Grievance Commission Sep 2026
Jacob Doe v. The University of North Carolina System, et al. W.D.N.C. Jun 2026 Unidentified (the show-cause order said some citations "might constitute AI hallucinations"; the discharge order recounts that counsel attributed the errors "in large part" to "misuse of artificial intelligence software" and a failure to verify its outputs; no tool is named) Other None Sep 2026
Hayes v. Miller Mo. Ct. App. E.D. Jun 2026 Unidentified (the opinion notes "several citations to nonexistent cases" in a trial-court filing but does not mention artificial intelligence or name a tool) Other None; the court noted the citations in a footnote and took no action on them Oct 2026
Holstein v. Holstein Ind. Ct. App. Jun 2026 Unidentified (counsel told the court his client supplied the citations; the opinion warns about the risks of AI and quotes commentary on AI-sourced authority but does not find that AI produced them) Other None Sep 2026
Matter of OS-DB-JV-2, LLC GAO Jun 2026 Unidentified (GAO says the erroneous citations "bear the hallmarks of the use of a large-language model or other artificial intelligence (AI)"; the protester attributed them to software tools used to support research; no tool is named) Warning None Sep 2026
K.W. v. Ringwood Board of Education D.N.J. Jun 2026 Unidentified (the court ordered counsel to disclose whether he used generative AI; the opinions do not report his answer or find AI use, and the June 16 caution quotes a case on "AI hallucinated case law") Warning None Sep 2026
Amazon.com Inc. v. Hao W.D. Wash. Jun 2026 AI-assisted research, no tool named (the order records that Hao "relied in part on artificial-intelligence-assisted research, along with Westlaw and other research platforms") Court sanction No monetary sanction; the court struck the motion to dismiss without prejudice to refiling, declined "at this time" to impose monetary sanctions, and warned of future sanctions Sep 2026
Merz v. Jenkins Wash. Ct. App. Jun 2026 Unidentified (the opinion flags a nonexistent quotation and misused authorities but does not attribute them to AI or name a tool) Other None Sep 2026
Quinteros v. Harbor Distributing, LLC Cal. Ct. App. Jun 2026 Generative AI (the trial court's sanctions order found the contract attorney who drafted the brief "evidently utilize[d] generative AI" and "denied under oath having done so"; his declaration said he used Lexis and Lexis Protégé; tool not otherwise identified) Court sanction Trial court sanction affirmed: $6,000 jointly and severally against Lipeles Law Group, APC and attorneys Kevin Lipeles, Thomas Schelly, and Jasmine Badawi ($5,000 to defendants, $1,000 to the court) under Code Civ. Proc. 128.7, plus service of the order on the client, the judge in a related Los Angeles action, and San Francisco judges for one year Sep 2026
Villanueva v. Bowers Ariz. Ct. App. Jun 2026 Generative AI (the self-represented appellant "confessed she used generative artificial intelligence to produce her briefs"; tool not identified) Court sanction Appellee awarded his reasonable appellate attorney fees and costs under A.R.S. 25-324 and ARCAP 25, amount to be set on compliance with ARCAP 21; appellant's own fee request denied Sep 2026
Henry County Schools v. Grant Ga. Ct. App. Jun 2026 Implied, not found (the court says the trial court's order, drafted by the plaintiffs' attorney, "relies on at least one hallucinated case" and reminds counsel of their obligations "in the use of artificial intelligence"; it names no tool and makes no finding that AI was used) Warning None Sep 2026
Obi v. Cook County, Illinois N.D. Ill. Jun 2026 Generative AI, tool not identified (the court states that the plaintiff 'continues to submit AI hallucinated arguments and cases' and has 'continually filed briefs generated by AI') Warning None Sep 2026
LiveVideo.AI Corp v. Redstone S.D.N.Y. Jun 2026 Generative AI, tool not identified (the court states that each struck motion 'appears to have been drafted by AI' and that nearly all motions in the matter bear 'the hallmarks of artificial intelligence ("AI") fabrication') Court sanction $85,056 in attorneys' fees and costs, ordered paid by plaintiff LiveVideo.AI Corp and its counsel Alfred Camillo Constants, III, under 28 U.S.C. § 1927 and inherent power; Constants again referred to the S.D.N.Y. Grievance Committee Sep 2026
Nunez v. American Airlines, Inc. S.D. Fla. Jun 2026 Unidentified (the R&R finds the two cases do not exist and quotes O'Brien v. Flick on fake authority "generated by artificial intelligence programs," but does not find that Nunez used AI) Court sanction None monetary; the adopted R&R recommends dismissal with prejudice as a sanction, and the district judge's order dismisses with prejudice on Montreal Convention futility grounds Sep 2026
State v. Stroup Mont. Jun 2026 Unidentified (the order describes the filing as one Stroup implies was prepared with generative AI without the required disclosure; no tool is named) Court sanction Not stated Oct 2026
Tlingit Haida Tribal Business Corporation v. OnePromom, LLC D. Colo. Jun 2026 Eve Legal (named in defense counsel's own AI certification in the motion, as quoted by the court: "generative artificial intelligence--specifically, Eve Legal--was used to draft this filing"; the court does not find that the tool produced the misattributed quotation) Pending None imposed in this order; order to show cause, response due June 23, 2026, why defense counsel Marianna McLean should not be sanctioned under Rule 11 and/or "the Court's inherent authority under 28 U.S.C. § 1927" (as printed) Sep 2026
Williams v. Rashid D. Nev. Jun 2026 Unnamed AI (counsel's errata acknowledged that the "errors are the result of using AI for research and drafting assistance ..."; the order states that local counsel Jason Guinasso "admits he used AI"; no tool is named) Court sanction Defendant Las Vegas Bistro's reasonable attorney's fees and costs attributable to the AI hallucinations, jointly and severally against the National Center on Sexual Exploitation and Guinasso Law, Ltd., amount to be agreed or set on motion; amended filings struck and the reconsideration motion denied with prejudice, in part as sanctions Sep 2026
Bailey v. Sedgwick Claims Management Services, Inc. W.D. Tenn. Jun 2026 Unnamed "AI tool" (per the order, plaintiff's counsel "agreed that these errors were most likely the result of the AI tool"; the court wrote "Apparently that AI program hallucinated over some citations") Other None (sanctions declined; counsel required to correct the citations and file a corrected motion) Sep 2026
Withers v. City of Aberdeen N.D. Miss. Jun 2026 Plaintiff's counsel: "First Drafts" (AI drafting program); defense counsel: an unnamed AI legal-research product her firm acquired Court sanction $8,000 total in fines to the court registry: Wilson $2,500 (plus AI-ethics CLE), Williams $3,500, Ridgeway $1,000, McClinton $1,000; pro hac vice revoked and two-year N.D. Miss. appearance bar for Wilson and Williams; local counsel disqualified; copies to the Mississippi, Louisiana, and Texas bars Sep 2026
Owens v. Select Portfolio Servicing, Inc. E.D.N.Y. Jun 2026 Suspected, not found (the court wrote that the citation issues "suggest that the plaintiff is relying on artificial intelligence" for research or drafting without confirming its accuracy; no finding of AI use and no tool named) Warning None (warning that the court "will impose sanctions for any further violations, including summary dismissal of his claims") Sep 2026
Witkin v. McGreevy Or. Sup. Ct. Jun 2026 Generative AI, tool not named (the order recounts that his show-cause response explained that he "had used generative artificial intelligence" to create the pleading) Court sanction $500 payable to the Appellate Court Services Division (stipulated); response to the petition for review stricken Sep 2026
Lnu v. Blanche 9th Cir. Jun 2026 Generative AI (counsel conceded AI use by the firm's unlicensed brief writers was "more likely than not"; tool not identified) Court sanction $5,000 total ($2,500 each against attorneys Mike Singh Sethi and William Rounds); six-month suspension of both from practice before the Ninth Circuit; notice to clients, courts, and firm attorneys; two-year sworn AI-disclosure certification on all future filings by every attorney at the firm; referral to the State Bar of California Sep 2026
Boatner v. Hickerson Mo. Ct. App. E.D. Jun 2026 Unidentified AI (appellant 'conceded at oral argument she used A.I. to draft parts of her brief'; the court found four cited cases fictitious; tool not named) Court sanction $10,000 in damages under Rule 84.19 for a frivolous appeal, entered as a judgment against the appellant in favor of the respondent (for appellate attorney's fees) Sep 2026
El Bitar v. Hernandez W.D. Wash. Jun 2026 Google Gemini (per drafting counsel's sworn declaration, used by legal interns who researched the filings) Court sanction $1,000 personal sanction on drafting attorney Julian Mansoor Daman, payable to the Clerk within 21 days, with a public reprimand; reprimand, without a fine, of local counsel Jennifer Nimer Sep 2026
Grajales v. Santander Consumer USA Inc. M.D.N.C. Jun 2026 Suspected generative AI, tool not named (the court: "it appears Plaintiff has also been using some form of generative artificial intelligence resulting in citations which are hallucinations or other improper citations") Court sanction $120 penalty to the Clerk; case stayed 90 days or until paid; plaintiff must attach copies of all cited law to future pleadings or they will be struck Sep 2026
Reaves Law Firm, PLLC v. Baker, Donelson, Bearman, Caldwell & Berkowitz, PC W.D. Tenn. Jun 2026 Generative AI, tool not named (the court sanctions the firm's "improper and insufficiently explained use of AI"; the firm, apart from a fleeting reference to an internal AI-policy email, did not acknowledge that AI had any role) Court sanction Reimbursement of defendants' fees for four responsive filings (set at $45,763 by the July 10, 2026 fee order, joint and several with Henry Reaves III); order forwarded to the district's other judges and to Tennessee disciplinary counsel Sep 2026
Perez-Castillo v. Blanche 7th Cir. Jun 2026 ChatGPT, per the drafting attorney (Farah Chalisa said she "used ChatGPT to perform the copyediting tasks necessary" and not for legal research, while hinting at using "any system incorporated into Lexis/Nexis"; the Court found the brief "riddled with AI hallucinations" and doubted her grammar-check account) Court sanction $5,000 fine against attorney Abdullah Salah under Fed. R. App. P. 46(c); attorney Farah Chalisa admonished; matter referred to the Illinois Attorney Registration and Disciplinary Commission; show-cause order kept open pending ARDC review; no sanction on Chalisa "at this time" Sep 2026
Sharei Torah v. Hendel N.Y. Sup. Ct. Jun 2026 Unidentified (the court said the defects "appear to be exemplary of the result of using artificial intelligence-based tools"; the defendant denied using AI) Court sanction Defendant Mendel Hendel's amended answer struck and default entered for fraud on the court; Hendel to reimburse plaintiff's legal fees for four NYSCEF filings responding to his notice of removal, amount to be fixed on submission Sep 2026
H. C. v. Contreras Cal. Ct. App. May 2026 Unidentified (the opinion calls the cited case "fictitious" and "nonexistent" but does not attribute it to AI or name a tool) Other None; the opinion quotes counsel's duties of candor from a prior decision but imposes no sanction on counsel and does not mention a referral Sep 2026
In re M.H., M.L., and M.H., Minors Ill. App. Ct. (1st Dist.) May 2026 Not mentioned in the order (the court describes the Public Guardian's objection that the brief references "cases that do not exist"; it does not attribute the inaccuracies to AI) Pending None imposed in the May 28, 2026 order; a rule to show cause was issued to the Mother's counsel, with any sanction to follow in a separate written order Sep 2026
United States ex rel. Solano v. Barton Associates, Inc. 1st Cir. May 2026 Unidentified (the opinion states that the relators' briefs quoted language that does not appear in the cited cases "or in any case that we have been able to find" but does not attribute it to AI or name a tool) Other None; the court noted the defects in the text and a footnote and took no action on them Sep 2026
Avery v. Beauzil Fla. 4th DCA May 2026 Unidentified AI service (the court described the petitions, supplements, and show-cause response as AI-generated, e.g. the first petition "was generated using artificial intelligence (AI)"; the petitioner said he pays "$20/month" for his AI service; no tool named) Court sanction Non-monetary: the Clerk is directed to reject any future filings by the petitioner unless signed by a member in good standing of The Florida Bar; by separate order, counsel required in his other pending Fourth DCA cases or those cases will be dismissed Sep 2026
Eclectic Synergy, LLC v. Seredin Fla. 4th DCA May 2026 Unidentified (the court's show-cause order said the petition "appears AI-generated"; counsel did not acknowledge using AI and blamed a paralegal and a "transcription error"; the court held that "whether counsel used AI makes no difference") Court sanction Non-monetary: referral of the matter to The Florida Bar for appropriate action ("counsel sanctioned with referral to The Florida Bar") Sep 2026
Innocent v. Meraki Installers, LLC Fla. 4th DCA May 2026 Unidentified (the opinion flags trial-transcript quotations that do not appear in the record but does not mention AI or name a tool) Other No monetary sanction; matter referred to The Florida Bar for appropriate action Sep 2026
Matter of Julien v. Arthur N.Y. App. Div. 2d Dep't May 2026 Generative AI (tool not named; the court found the brief "highly suggestive of having been created with the aid of GenAI" and the father acknowledged relying on research tools and an internet source) Court sanction $250 under 22 NYCRR 130-1.1(c)(1), deposited with the Clerk for transmittal to the Commissioner of Taxation and Finance (see 22 NYCRR 130-1.3), with a caution that future GenAI misuse may result in a greater sanction Sep 2026
State of Oklahoma ex rel. Oklahoma Bar Association v. Reeves Okla. Sup. Ct. May 2026 ChatGPT (respondent "admitted he used the generative artificial intelligence (AI) known as ChatGPT to obtain five citations") Bar discipline Public reprimand (reciprocal discipline) Sep 2026
Williamson v. Meyers D. Del. May 2026 Unidentified (per the opinion, Plaintiff conceded the fictitious citation "was most likely the result of artificial intelligence"; no tool named) Other None Sep 2026
Adams v. 3M Company N.D. Ala. May 2026 Generative AI (per the court, counsel admitted using generative AI; her response attributes the errors to "AI-assisted research and summary tools"; no tool is named) Court sanction Public reprimand only (no monetary sanction), with a warning that future misuse of AI before any judge in the district "will likely result in severe sanctions" Sep 2026
Guo v. Meade Motorcars, LLC Ohio Ct. App. (6th Dist.) May 2026 Deepseek (the appellant's own explanation on appeal, as recounted by the court; the court found the citations "appear to be the result of AI-generated hallucinations") Court sanction $100 (imposed by the Sandusky County Court of Common Pleas on Aug. 11, 2025; the court of appeals affirmed the denial of the motion to vacate it) Sep 2026
In re M.A.L.B. Ohio Ct. App. (4th Dist.) May 2026 Suspected, unidentified (the court states in a footnote: "We suspect that the problems with appellant's citations stem from the unverified use of artificial intelligence"; no tool named) Court sanction Non-monetary: appeal dismissed for failure to file a conforming brief after the original brief was struck; costs assessed to appellant Sep 2026
Kalonji v. State Ind. Ct. App. May 2026 Generative AI suspected, tool not identified (the court said it is "likely that Kalonji used generative artificial intelligence (AI) to draft his briefs, either in whole or in part") Warning None Sep 2026
Maxwell v. Michael S.D. Ind. May 2026 Suspected, not admitted (the court agreed with the defendants that the fabricated authority "contains the hallmarks of generative AI hallucinations"; the plaintiff's response did not confirm AI use) Court sanction $1,000 Rule 11 sanction payable to the Clerk by June 25, 2026 (plus a separate $886.80 in deposition costs owed to the defendants on an earlier discovery sanction) Sep 2026
Fuselier v. RisCassi S.D. Miss. May 2026 Possibly a search engine's AI preview (counsel said he found the citation through Google web searches and was "not certain it came from the AI preview"; the court wrote that "in the Court's view it is hard to see what else would have generated the fake case") Warning None Sep 2026
In re the Marriage of Amy Haddock and Justin Blu Haddock Okla. Dist. Ct. (Tulsa Cnty.) May 2026 Unidentified (the order finds citations to nonexistent law and inaccurate case descriptions but does not mention AI) Court sanction $2,000 sanction against attorney N. Scott Johnson, payable into the court fund within thirty days of the order's recited April 1, 2026 hearing date (the order was filed May 21, 2026); son's motion for fees sustained with the amount and liable parties set for a May 20, 2026 hearing; firm asked to audit its case bank, with McCord to report on the audit; order to be reported to the Oklahoma Bar Association Sep 2026
Downing v. Brown 11th Cir. May 2026 Unidentified (the opinion calls the authorities "fabricated" and "fictitious" but does not mention AI or any tool) Court sanction No monetary sanction; portions of the appellant's brief containing fabricated legal authorities struck as improper Sep 2026
Sherwood v. County of Botetourt, Virginia W.D. Va. May 2026 Suspected generative AI (the opinion says the claims "include citations to hallucinated law ostensibly obtained from generative AI tools" and that the court "cannot account for" one miscitation "beyond the use of generative AI"; counsel gave no satisfactory answer when asked at the hearing whether the citations came from an AI tool; no tool named) Other None imposed; leave to file a second amended complaint denied on the ground that it was sought in bad faith Sep 2026
Chakma v. Sushi Katsuei, Inc. S.D.N.Y. May 2026 LexisNexis AI tool (defense counsel "acknowledged that she had used LexisNexis's AI tool to help construct multiple submissions to the Court") Court sanction Against defense counsel for the AI-generated false submissions: $1,710 of class counsel's fees plus a $1,000 penalty payable to the Clerk Sep 2026
McNeal v. Calvin E.D. Mo. May 2026 Unidentified (neither the show-cause order nor the sanctions order mentions AI; the plaintiff said she relied on "widely accepted legal research platforms, including LexisNexis") Court sanction Non-monetary Rule 11 sanction: every future filing in the case must attach a sworn declaration that the plaintiff personally researched each citation to confirm it exists and is accurately characterized (filings without one to be stricken); defendants ordered not to respond to her filings unless the court explicitly orders a response Sep 2026
[Petitioner name redacted] v. United States Citizenship and Immigration Services D. Or. May 2026 Unidentified (the court states that two filings by USCIS's counsel "contained hallucinated case citations"; it does not say how they were produced or name a tool) Other None; the court allowed USCIS to file amended versions of the two filings Sep 2026
Brooks v. Lowes Home Centers LLC W.D. La. May 2026 Claude (the court recounts that Wilkins "utilized an artificial intelligence (“AI”) platform, Claude, to generate the brief") Court sanction $1,000 against W. Paul Wilkins personally (not payable by his firm), due June 12, 2026; three hours of CLE on AI-assisted legal practice before December 31, 2026 Sep 2026
Glenn Wilder and Others v. President & Fellows of Harvard College and Others Mass. Super. Ct. May 2026 MX2.law, Morgan & Morgan's in-house AI platform (used in the earlier Wyoming federal case the order relies on; no AI use alleged in this Massachusetts case) Other None; pro hac vice admission of T. Michael Morgan denied Sep 2026
Waggeh v. Utility Workers Union of America Local 1-2 S.D.N.Y. May 2026 Unidentified (the order finds the cited cases do not stand for the propositions cited and that counsel violated Rule 11; it does not mention AI or name a tool) Court sanction Non-monetary Rule 11 sanction: public admonishment of petitioner's counsel Sep 2026
Matter of Janelle Melissa Lewis N.Y. App. Div. 1st Dep't May 2026 ChatGPT or a similar AI program, as attributed by the federal court (this order recites that the court attributed the non-existent cases to "hallucinations by ChatGPT or a similar artificial intelligence program"; the D.N.M. order itself says the cases were "likely the handiwork of a ChatGPT or similar artificial intelligence (AI) program's hallucinations"); the suspension rests on non-cooperation with the disciplinary investigation Bar discipline Interim suspension from the practice of law in New York, effective immediately and until further order of the court (22 NYCRR 1240.9(a)(3)) Sep 2026
Jane Doe 1 v. Mount Saint Mary High School Corporation of the State of Oklahoma W.D. Okla. May 2026 Unnamed AI tools (counsel "acknowledged that she used AI tools without performing the essential step of personally reviewing the cited authority") Court sanction Non-monetary: public reprimand; copy of the order to each client with a filed certification; self-report with a copy of the order to the state bar authority where licensed (no fine, in light of a same-day Rule 37 fee award and the monetary sanction imposed the same day in Crist v. West) Sep 2026
Guy v. American Federation of Government Employees, AFL-CIO N.D. Cal. May 2026 Claude Console, per counsel's sworn declaration filed in response to the order ("I used an enterprise level, data-isolated AI platform, Claude Console, to create an initial draft of the motion"); the order itself calls the quotations "hallucinated" and "fabricated" but names no tool Other None imposed; counsel ordered to file a declaration under penalty of perjury explaining the fabricated case quotations Sep 2026
In re Latasha Transrina Kebe Bankr. S.D. Fla. May 2026 Unidentified (the orders address citation errors that debtor's counsel acknowledged, but do not attribute them to AI or name a tool) Court sanction Bankruptcy Rule 9011 sanction against Chad T. Van Horn, Esq. and Van Horn Law Group, P.A., jointly and severally, equal to 10% of the creditor's fees for the reply brief; fixed at $2,231.84 by the June 30, 2026 agreed order, payable to the creditor Sep 2026
Drip Capital, Inc. v. SGM Socher Inc. N.Y. Sup. Ct. May 2026 Unidentified (the court's May 12 order sanctions counsel "for citing two AI hallucinated cases in the opposition brief"; its May 1 decision had said the brief included "what appear to be AI hallucinations"; no tool is named) Court sanction $1,000 to the Lawyers' Fund for Client Protection under 22 NYCRR 130-1.1, against defense counsel Alexander Levkovich, with an affirmation of compliance, originally due May 20, 2026 and extended to June 30, 2026 (reduced from the $3,000 proposed in the show-cause directive; a request to reduce or vacate it further was denied) Sep 2026
Gully v. Varghese N.Y. Sup. Ct. May 2026 Unidentified (the court found the cited cases "appear to be 'hallucinations' created by an artificial intelligence tool"; no tool named) Court sanction Non-monetary: plaintiff's summary judgment motion denied and the submissions containing the false citations struck; no fine Sep 2026
Jacobs v. Timberlake La. App. 5 Cir. May 2026 Not determined (the court ordered counsel to address "whether any generative artificial intelligence tool was used" in preparing the writ application; the order makes no finding of AI use and names no tool) Pending None imposed in the May 12, 2026 order; rule to show cause, by brief, why relator's counsel should not be held in contempt under La. C.C.P. art. 224(4) Sep 2026
Morales Jimenez v. Shanahan E.D.N.Y. May 2026 Unidentified (the decision does not mention artificial intelligence; it states that petitioner's counsel relied on "at least one nonexistent case") Other None; the court criticized counsel's briefing in its decision but imposed no sanction and issued no warning Sep 2026
Shore v. Dorel Juvenile Group, Inc. D. Mass. May 2026 ChatGPT and Claude (the order states that attorney Kevin Laukaitis used AI tools, "ChatGPT and Claude," to finalize the brief, citing counsel's show-cause filing, Doc. No. 32-1) Court sanction $2,500 payable by attorney Kevin Laukaitis to the defendant; plaintiffs' opposition brief struck with leave to refile; Laukaitis Law LLC ordered to file a status report within 21 days stating whether it has implemented the court's suggested procedures or similar measures Sep 2026
Armstrong v. City of Milwaukee E.D. Wis. May 2026 Unidentified (the order notes a fictitious case in the County's original reply brief but says the court "does not have more information as to why that happened"; it does not mention AI) Other None Sep 2026
Burches v. Equifax Information Services, LLC E.D. La. May 2026 AI, tool not named (the court's May 20, 2026 order states "Plaintiff again improperly used AI while preparing his filings"; the May 11 sanction order itself does not mention AI) Court sanction $500 payable to the Clerk of Court by June 10, 2026 Sep 2026
DeVore v. McCombie N.D. Ill. May 2026 Unidentified (the order does not mention artificial intelligence; it directs defense counsel to explain how the memorandum "was generated") Other None; defense counsel ordered to file a declaration explaining how the memorandum was generated and how counsel located the two authorities Sep 2026
Crist v. West W.D. Okla. May 2026 A "trusted legal vendor's AI tool" (counsel's own description, as quoted by the court; the tool is not named) Court sanction $250 to the Clerk of Court for the general court fund; public reprimand; copy of the order to the client with a filed certification Sep 2026
Fivehouse v. U.S. Department of Defense E.D.N.C. May 2026 Unnamed generative AI tool (admitted by the attorney only under the court's questioning at the show-cause hearing) Court sanction Non-monetary: public reprimand of former Assistant United States Attorney Rudy E. Renfer; opinion submitted for publication; no financial penalty Sep 2026
Harris v. Pinnacle Bank N.D. Miss. May 2026 Generative AI, tool not named (the plaintiff "admitted that he had submitted incorrect, fictitious, and AI-generated legal citations to the Court on numerous separate occasions") Court sanction Dismissal of all claims with prejudice; defendant permitted to move for fees and costs within fourteen days Sep 2026
In re Marriage of Nash Colo. Ct. App. May 2026 Unidentified (the court observed that the father's citations of nonexistent cases "bear many of the hallmarks of 'hallucinations'" associated with generative AI; no tool named) Court sanction $1,665 attorney fee award under C.R.S. 13-17-102 (entered by the district court Apr. 14, 2025; affirmed). Separately, and not as a sanction, the Court of Appeals awarded the mother appellate attorney fees and costs under C.A.R. 39.1 and 39(c)(1) because she successfully defended the fee awards; amount to be set on remand Sep 2026
Song Dow Lee v. HSBC Bank USA, National Association C.D. Cal. May 2026 Not determined (the order to show cause directs counsel's declarations to address "whether artificial intelligence was used"; the order makes no finding of AI use and names no tool) Other None imposed in the May 7, 2026 order; counsel ordered to show cause why the court should not impose sanctions of $2,500.00 on counsel and/or dismiss the action Sep 2026
Stokka v. Stokka N.D. Sup. Ct. May 2026 Unidentified (the opinion calls the authorities in the brief "irrelevant, fictitious, or nonexistent" and cites City of Dickinson v. Helgeson as explaining that fake citations typically result from AI hallucinations, but makes no finding that the appellant used AI) Court sanction Fixed award of $1,000 in double costs and attorney's fees to the appellee (not labeled a sanction in the opinion) Sep 2026
Boersma v. Davenport Or. Ct. App. May 2026 Unidentified (the opinion flags fabricated and inapposite case citations but does not attribute them to AI or name a tool) Court sanction $500, payable to the Appellate Court Services Division of the Oregon Judicial Department Sep 2026
Gregoire v. San Francisco Bay Area Rapid Transit District N.D. Cal. May 2026 Suspected generative AI, not confirmed (the court was concerned the missing cases "suggest hallucinations from the use of generative artificial intelligence tools"; counsel did not respond, and no tool is identified) Court sanction $1,000 personal sanction payable to the Clerk; service of the order on the client; at least one hour of CLE on the ethical use of AI; order served on the State Bar of California Sep 2026
Robinson v. Davidson County N.C. Ct. App. May 2026 Suspected (the court said its concerns with the brief "raise the question of whether this brief was generated, at least in part, by artificial intelligence"; no finding or admission of AI use, no tool named) Warning None; the court reminded appellate counsel that "[f]ailure to follow the rules is sanctionable" Sep 2026
Doe v. The Trustees of Columbia University in the City of New York N.Y. Sup. Ct. May 2026 Unidentified AI (the court refers to "AI-generated hallucinations" in the petitioners' papers, and counsel acknowledged at oral argument that using AI without proper checking was wrong; no tool is named) Other None Sep 2026
Fuller v. Hyde School D. Me. May 2026 Claude or ChatGPT (counsel disclosed, only in her show-cause response, that she or someone on her team used AI, "either Claude or ChatGPT," in drafting) Court sanction Non-monetary: admonition; CLE on generative AI with proof of attendance; firm procedures to prevent recurrence, explained in a certification; copy of the order to the client; certification of compliance within 45 days (the opposition brief was also struck) Sep 2026
Payne v. State Ga. Sup. Ct. May 2026 Unnamed "artificial intelligence software" (the assistant district attorney acknowledged using it to draft the State's briefs opposing the motion for new trial and the proposed order; the opinion does not name the tool) Court sanction Six-month suspension of ADA Deborah Leslie's privilege to practice before the Supreme Court of Georgia, with reinstatement conditioned on 12 additional CLE hours (ethics, brief writing, proper use of AI software) and a petition for reinstatement; admonishment of ADA Leslie and the Clayton County district attorney's office Sep 2026
Van Deel v. A-Plus Contracting, LLC Mo. Ct. App. E.D. May 2026 Unidentified (the opinion notes "multiple inaccurate or nonexistent caselaw citations" in appellant's brief but does not mention artificial intelligence or name a tool) Other None; the court noted the citations in footnotes and dismissed the appeal under Rules 84.04 and 74.04(c) on other briefing grounds Oct 2026
Carter v. UZGlobal LLC D.N.M. May 2026 Unidentified AI program (plaintiffs' counsel believed a now-terminated associate used AI but did not know which program) Court sanction $1,000 fine to the Clerk of Court; self-report to the Texas disciplinary authority and copy of the order to the New Mexico bar; proof of attendance at an AI CLE; Amazon Defendants permitted to move for fees and costs; costs may not be charged to the clients Sep 2026
Smith v. Verra Mobility Corporation M.D. Fla. May 2026 ChatGPT among other AI tools (the court recounts that counsel "acknowledges that he used artificial intelligence tools, including ChatGPT, to research and draft" the motion) Court sanction Non-monetary: counsel ordered to give his client, the School Board of Polk County, copies of the show-cause order, his response, and the sanctions order by May 5, 2026, and to notify the court of compliance by May 6, 2026 Sep 2026
Braun v. Day N.D. Ill. Apr 2026 Unidentified (the court stated it "is concerned that Ms. Braun utilized AI in her drafting" and ordered her to identify any AI-generated portions; no tool is named in the docket entries read) Other None Sep 2026
Superb Motors Inc. v. Deo E.D.N.Y. Apr 2026 Unidentified (the court describes the two citations as AI-generated; Thomasson declared that he does not use AI, blamed viruses and malware on his computer, and identified Google as one of his research tools) Court sanction $1,500 payable into the Registry of the Court by May 15, 2026; grievance referral declined Sep 2026
Adams v. Kiewit Infrastructure West Company D. Ariz. Apr 2026 Generative AI, by inference (the court: "These hallucinations allow the Court to infer that Plaintiff prepared her filing with the use of generative artificial intelligence"; no tool named) Warning None Sep 2026
Doe v. Baltimore City Board of School Commissioners D. Md. Apr 2026 Unidentified (the court calls one citation fabricated and its show-cause letter order refers to erroneous or nonexistent citations and quotations, but neither order mentions AI or names a tool) Other None Sep 2026
Jimenez-Fogarty v. Fogarty S.D.N.Y. Apr 2026 Unidentified AI program (the court found that counsel "used an AI program that generated the fabricated citations" and declined to credit her suggestion that LexisNexis's AI features supplied them) Court sanction $2,500 payable to the Clerk; copy of the order to the client; letter filing the order with the judge in each pending case where she is counsel of record; sworn statement of compliance Sep 2026
Jones v. Reed's, Inc. N.D. Cal. Apr 2026 Unidentified (the court says the misstatement may be "the result of hallucination by artificial intelligence or lack of diligence" and does not find which; no tool named) Warning None Sep 2026
Spiehs v. Smith D. Kan. Apr 2026 Suspected, not found: the court "strongly suspects this is a product of the use of artificial intelligence" because a Westlaw search for the quotes returned no exact results; no tool identified Warning None Sep 2026
Trejo v. Amaya Hernandez Md. App. Ct. Apr 2026 Unidentified (the opinion finds that three of the seven cases cited in the appellant's brief do not exist but does not mention AI or name a tool) Court sanction Non-monetary: portions of the appellant's brief relying on the non-existent cases struck Sep 2026
Chaney v. Transdev Services Inc. C.D. Cal. Apr 2026 LexisNexis+ and its drafting feature Protégé (counsel admitted using them to draft portions of the brief) Court sanction $2,500 payable to the Court ($500 for one use of the fabricated case and $1,000 for each of two more); declaration of the AI use and the bad-faith findings to be filed in every C.D. Cal. case where counsel appears and emailed to every other C.D. Cal. judge's chambers Sep 2026
Greenberg v. First Bank, Inc. Cal. Super. Ct. (L.A. Cnty.) Apr 2026 Unidentified (the court recited the bank's allegation that plaintiffs cited "a non-existent, AI-generated case" and found only that the case "does not appear to exist"; it made no finding that AI was used, and no tool is named) Warning None Sep 2026
Tunstall v. Alabama Department of Corrections N.D. Ala. Apr 2026 Unidentified (the opinion finds a quotation absent from the cited case and calls it a fabricated quotation, but does not mention AI or name a tool) Warning None Sep 2026
Ibach v. Stewart Ala. Sup. Ct. Apr 2026 Unnamed "AI research tool" (counsel's own description in the reply brief); at a hearing, counsel admitted he improperly used AI to obtain the authorities Court sanction $17,200 in attorney fees and costs to the appellee; double costs of appeal payable to the Court; no further filings in the Supreme Court of Alabama without the co-signature of another attorney in good standing; referral to the Alabama State Bar; appeal dismissed as a sanction Sep 2026
Dennison v. Caudill S.D. Ind. Apr 2026 Unidentified (the order reports a case citation the court could not find and mischaracterized statutes, and directs the plaintiff to the court's AI-disclosure notice, but does not find that AI was used) Warning None Sep 2026
In re Paula M. Miller Tex. App. (1st Dist.) Apr 2026 Unidentified (only a concurrence says the petition's attributions and quotations "strongly appear to be AI-fabricated hallucinations"; the per curiam opinion is silent; no tool named) Other None Sep 2026
Krista C. Geddes v. LoanCare, LLC, et al. E.D. Cal. Apr 2026 Unidentified (the order voices concern about generative AI but says its use "is not conclusive here" and does not attribute the misquotes to AI or name a tool) Court sanction $1,000, payable within 30 days; Plaintiff ordered to serve a copy of the order on the California Bar Association and to file a notice of compliance within 60 days Sep 2026
Primerica Life Insurance Co. v. Finlayson D. Utah Apr 2026 Unspecified generative AI Warning None Sep 2026
Williams v. Honl Or. Ct. App. Apr 2026 Unspecified generative AI Court sanction $8,044.25 May 2026
Zhang v. Zhang Nev. Sup. Ct. Apr 2026 Unidentified (neither order mentions artificial intelligence; the court stated its research "indicates" that two cited cases "are fictional" and that two real cases do not support the propositions cited) Court sanction $250 to the Supreme Court Law Library for violating NRAP 28(h) and NRAP 32(a)(9); referral of attorney Michael Lin to the State Bar of Nevada for investigation under SCR 104 and 105; request to file a corrected opening brief denied Sep 2026
Bunce v. Visual Technology Innovations, Inc. E.D. Pa. Apr 2026 ChatGPT (2025 order); AI-assisted legal research tool (2026 order, specific product not named) Court sanction $7,500 (two sanctions: $2,500 in Feb 2025 and $5,000 in Apr 2026) Apr 2026
In re Prince Global Holdings Limited, et al. Bankr. S.D.N.Y. Apr 2026 Unspecified generative AI Other None Sep 2026
Harris v. Elementis Specialties, Inc. C.D. Cal. Apr 2026 Unidentified AI (the order states that plaintiff cites, "and Defendant has confirmed," that "its use of AI resulted in several citation errors"; no tool is named) Warning None; plaintiff's motion for sanctions was denied (no bad faith found; removal not objectively unreasonable), and defendant and its counsel were "explicitly warned" that the court will consider the incident if similar AI-related "mistakes" recur Sep 2026
Essandoh v. Capital One Bank NA E.D. Tex. Apr 2026 Generative AI (the pro se plaintiff admitted at an April 16, 2026 hearing that inaccuracies in his part of a joint report resulted from reliance on generative AI; tool not identified) Warning None Sep 2026
Saunders v. Albertsons/Safeway, LLC D. Colo. Apr 2026 Unspecified generative AI Court sanction Not stated Apr 2026
Redmond v. Dairy Farmers of America D. Kan. Apr 2026 Not determined (the court "strongly suspects" the errors "are attributable to the careless use of generative artificial intelligence"; no tool is named and no finding of AI use is made) Warning None Sep 2026
White v. Walmart, Inc. S.D. Ind. Apr 2026 Unspecified generative AI Warning None Oct 2026
Hydroxie LLC v. Flame USA Inc C.D. Cal. Apr 2026 Not determined (the court wrote "[t]o the extent that Plaintiff has relied on artificial intelligence"; it made no finding that AI was used and named no tool) Warning None; plaintiff was admonished that future citations to authority that do not appear to exist will result in an order to show cause re sanctions Sep 2026
Rodriguez v. Rodriguez Fla. 6th DCA Apr 2026 Unspecified generative AI Pending Pending Sep 2026
Gamez v. County of Fresno E.D. Cal. Apr 2026 Unspecified generative AI Warning None Oct 2026
In re Troylond Malon Wise Bankr. W.D. La. Apr 2026 Unspecified generative AI Court sanction $2,750 Apr 2026
Moore v. MC Architects Inc. D. Haw. Apr 2026 Unnamed AI tools used by the client (per the sanctions order, counsel explained that the plaintiff used AI tools in preparing the oppositions; no tool is identified) Court sanction $1,000 against Attorney Frederick Arensmeyer personally, payable to the Clerk within seven days Sep 2026
Obi v. Cook County, Illinois N.D. Ill. Apr 2026 Generative AI, tool not identified (the court states that "Plaintiff generated each brief using AI" and that her motion "is riddled with AI hallucinations") Court sanction $5,000 under Rule 11, payable to the Clerk of the Court within two weeks; Rule 59(e) motion stricken under Local Rule 7.1 Sep 2026
Hocog v. Cook-Huynh Guam Super. Ct. Apr 2026 Unspecified generative AI Court sanction $1,500 Oct 2026
Thanh Nguy v. Jabil Inc. N.D. Cal. Apr 2026 Unspecified generative AI Court sanction Not stated May 2026
In re Kathleen A. Rabon Bankr. D. Conn. Apr 2026 Unspecified generative AI Court sanction Not stated May 2026
Modern Floor Specialists, Inc. v. City of Los Angeles C.D. Cal. Apr 2026 Unspecified generative AI Court sanction Not stated May 2026
United States v. Farris 6th Cir. Apr 2026 Westlaw CoCounsel Court sanction Not stated Oct 2026
In re Philips Recalled CPAP, Bi-Level PAP, and Mechanical Ventilator Products Liability Litigation (Gravelyn Transfer Order) J.P.M.L. Apr 2026 Unidentified generative AI (the Panel said the misrepresentations suggest counsel "may have used generative artificial intelligence," though "it is possible counsel used some other unreliable source"; no tool is named) Warning None (admonishment and warning) Sep 2026
Stanford v. Leinart Tex. App. Apr 2026 Unidentified (the court found a 'hallucinated' authority 'generated from the use of artificial intelligence'; no specific tool named) Warning None Oct 2026
Patrick Hrdlichka v. Samantha Bengston Ark. Ct. App. Apr 2026 Unidentified (the court found the brief cited 'fictitious' cases not in any legal database; no AI tool named in the opinion) Court sanction Not stated Sep 2026
Maldonado v. Professional Animal Retirement Center N.D. Ind. Apr 2026 Not identified (the court suspected generative AI; counsel did not directly address it, and a paralegal's declaration mentions "AI-assisted research features") Court sanction $1,500 Sep 2026
Allen v. Western Governors University D. Nev. Mar 2026 Generative AI (court found plaintiff either fabricated citations or "enlisted assistance of AI, which misrepresented and fabricated cases" without verification) Court sanction Defendants' attorneys' fees and costs incurred from the false citations (amount unquantified in order); case dismissed with prejudice May 2026
Christopher A. Ambrose v. Bandy X. Lee D. Conn. Mar 2026 Unspecified generative AI Warning None (warning only; the Court declared a no-tolerance policy for AI-assisted briefing that hallucinates legal propositions or severely misstates the law, and stated such filings 'will often result in sanctions absent reasonable excuse') May 2026
Colbert v. County of Riverside C.D. Cal. Mar 2026 Unspecified generative AI Warning None Oct 2026
Feldman v. District 6 Board of Education C.D. Ill. Mar 2026 Not mentioned in the order Warning None May 2026
Ford v. Sherwin-Williams D. Kan. Mar 2026 Unidentified generative AI (the court inferred AI use from a fabricated citation; Mr. Ford did not identify a specific tool on the record) Warning None May 2026
FTC v. Noland D. Ariz. Mar 2026 Generative AI suspected, specific tool not named in the order Warning None Oct 2026
Heimkes v. Fairhope Motorcoach Resort Condominium Owners Ass'n, Inc. S.D. Ala. Mar 2026 Cocounsel Court sanction $55,597 Apr 2026
Mohamed Hussain et al. v. Mansoor Quraishi et al. Conn. Super. Ct. Mar 2026 Unspecified generative AI Court sanction Not stated May 2026
Montes v. Suns Legacy Partners LLC D. Ariz. Mar 2026 Unspecified generative AI Court sanction Not stated May 2026
Quandel Construction Group, Inc. v. Hunt Construction Group, Inc. S.D. Ohio Mar 2026 Disputed (defendants' counsel denied using generative AI; plaintiff's counsel hypothesized a GenAI hallucination; the court declined to make a formal AI-use finding) Other None Oct 2026
Rivera v. Triad Properties Corporation N.D. Ala. Mar 2026 ChatGPT Court sanction $47,056.90 Apr 2026
Zavadovsky v. Republic of Austria D.D.C. Mar 2026 Generative AI implied; the order references citations characteristic of AI hallucination output Warning None Oct 2026
Dec v. Mullin 7th Cir. Mar 2026 AI-generated (court found error not knowing/intentional) Court sanction None (public admonishment, no monetary sanction) Sep 2026
Fleck v. Del-One Federal Credit Union D. Or. Mar 2026 Generative AI tools (plaintiff's company "MarketPulse AI" systems, specific product not identified) Warning None Oct 2026
Beedemariam Kassaw v. Wal-Mart Corporation W.D.N.Y. Mar 2026 Implied (court found apparent use of generative AI; specific tool not identified on the record) Court sanction Not stated May 2026
Morgan v. V2X, Inc. D. Colo. Mar 2026 Consumer AI platforms (specific tools to be disclosed by plaintiff) Other None May 2026
76 Route 6 Holdings Inc. v. Town of Yorktown S.D.N.Y. Mar 2026 Unspecified generative AI Warning None Oct 2026
Souza v. City of Fitchburg D. Mass. Mar 2026 Generative AI (court found the pro se plaintiff relied on generative AI to draft his filings; specific tool not identified) Warning None Oct 2026
Williams v. Chicago Board of Education N.D. Ill. Mar 2026 Unspecified generative AI Other None May 2026
Williams v. Crystal Springs Apartments LLC D. Ariz. Mar 2026 Generative AI tools listed by the court included ChatGPT, Claude, Copilot, DeepSeek, Google Gemini, and Grok Other None May 2026
Amtrust North America o/b/o Justin McGinness v. Liberty Mutual Insurance Company N.J. Super. Ct. App. Div. Mar 2026 Unspecified generative AI Court sanction $1,000 Apr 2026
McCarthy v. United States Drug Enforcement Administration 3d Cir. Mar 2026 Unspecified generative AI Court sanction Not stated Apr 2026
Andrea K. Tantaros v. Fox News Network, LLC S.D.N.Y. Mar 2026 Implied (court suspected AI hallucinations; specific tool not identified on the record) Court sanction Not stated May 2026
The Advocates for Human Rights v. U.S. Department of Homeland Security D. Minn. Mar 2026 Unidentified (the order finds that quotations attributed to an Eighth Circuit case do not appear in it but does not mention AI or name a tool) Other None Sep 2026
Baker v. Rastelli Foods LLC D.N.J. Mar 2026 Unspecified generative AI Warning None monetary (warning + filing precondition: any future amended pleading or similar action in this Court must include PDF copies of each cited case with the supporting text highlighted; non-compliance is grounds for show-cause and sanctions) May 2026
Mission Critical Project Services, Inc. GAO Mar 2026 Unidentified (GAO said the erroneous citations "bear the hallmarks of the use of a large-language model or other artificial intelligence (AI) without adequate verification"; no tool named) Warning None Apr 2026
State National Insurance Company, Inc. v. Treadwell N.D. Ala. Mar 2026 ChatGPT and OpenCase Court sanction Not stated Apr 2026
Wallace v. PennyMac Loan Services, LLC D. Nev. Mar 2026 Generative AI (court named ChatGPT as exemplar; specific tool not affirmatively identified) Warning None Oct 2026
Gouveia v. Meridian Financial Investments, LLC Fla. 4th DCA Mar 2026 Large language model (the court says it "appears" the appellant used one; no tool identified). The limerick in the opinion is attributed to ChatGPT 5.2 Warning None Sep 2026
Biglow v. Dell Technologies, Inc. 10th Cir. Mar 2026 ChatGPT (named in opinion as an example of generative AI) Warning None Sep 2026
Harris v. Washington County (Purgatory Correctional Facility) D. Utah Mar 2026 Generative AI generally; specific tool not named in the order Other None May 2026
Layton v. Layton Ariz. Ct. App. Mar 2026 Generative AI suspected, specific tool not named in the opinion Warning None Oct 2026
Segui v. Moniz D. Ariz. Mar 2026 Unspecified generative AI Pending Pending Oct 2026
Jane Doe, et al. v. Lincoln Consolidated Schools, et al. E.D. Mich. Mar 2026 Unspecified generative AI Court sanction Not stated May 2026
Moulder v. Davis School District D. Utah Mar 2026 Unspecified generative AI Court sanction $1,525.50 Apr 2026
Stafford v. Taffet D. Or. Mar 2026 Generative AI (specific product not identified by court; "hallucinated" citations consistent with AI-generated content) Other None May 2026
Pamela Blair v. Sanctuary Bluff Homeowners Association, Inc. Ky. Ct. App. Mar 2026 Unidentified generative AI (Blair admitted using AI; no specific tool named) Court sanction Not stated Sep 2026
Daniel Gentry v. Calvin Thompson, et al. E.D. La. Mar 2026 ChatGPT Court sanction $1,250 May 2026
Lopez v. Mead Johnson Nutrition Company N.D. Cal. Mar 2026 Unspecified generative AI Court sanction Not stated May 2026
Prososki v. Regan Neb. Sup. Ct. Mar 2026 AI (unspecified; appellant's counsel denied AI use, but appellee asserted the brief's nonexistent and inaccurate citations were the product of generative AI) Court sanction Not stated Sep 2026
State v. Coleman Ohio Ct. App. (11th Dist.) Mar 2026 ChatGPT Court sanction $2,000 May 2026
Brownfield v. Cherokee County School District No. 35 E.D. Okla. Mar 2026 Generative AI (specific tool not identified on the record) Court sanction $500 May 2026
Espinoza v. M&R Construction Group Inc. Sup. Ct. Kings Cty. Mar 2026 Unidentified (the decision calls the citation "apparently fabricated caselaw" but does not mention AI or name a tool) Pending None yet; the decision scheduled a sanctions hearing for April 10, 2026 Sep 2026
Pittman v. Hazel and Olive, Inc. N.D. Ill. Mar 2026 Unidentified (the order states that counsel "admitted that he relied on artificial intelligence" and "submitted fake cases"; no tool is named) Court sanction Counsel to pay all costs and fees defendant incurred in defending the lawsuit (amount left to the parties to determine); case to be dismissed with prejudice once payment is finalized Sep 2026
Prisbrey v. Prisbrey Utah Ct. App. Mar 2026 Unspecified generative AI Other None May 2026
Sheerer v. Panas Cal. Ct. App. Mar 2026 Generative AI (Panas admitted in a post-argument declaration that his error was 'caused by his use of an AI tool and his failure to verify his citations'; specific tool not named) Court sanction Not stated May 2026
Doiban v. Oregon Liquor and Cannabis Commission Or. Ct. App. Mar 2026 Google and Safari AI-generated search summaries (not a dedicated legal AI tool) Court sanction $10,000 May 2026
Forest Ridge Townhomes Corporation of Greensboro v. Heag Pain Management Center, P.A. N.C. Ct. App. Mar 2026 Perplexity.AI, Professional Version (per respondents' counsel's statement in a trial-court motion, as quoted in the opinion; the court said only that some authority "appears to be AI-generated") Warning None; Rule 34 sanctions declined Sep 2026
Francois v. Vive Financial Fla. 4th DCA Mar 2026 Generative AI (court identified 'reliance on generative artificial-intelligence tools' as a cause of fictitious citations; specific tool not named) Warning None Sep 2026
Kennon v. Ashley D. Kan. Mar 2026 Unspecified generative AI Court sanction Not stated Oct 2026
Riddle Aggregates, LLC, Ornstein-Schuler, LLC, Tax Matters Partner v. Commissioner U.S. Tax Ct. Mar 2026 Not determined (the witness testified he used Grammarly on the reports; he uses ChatGPT and Gemini in his practice but did not recall using them for these reports) Other None Sep 2026
Jesse Hsien Chueh Yao v. University of South Florida Board of Trustees M.D. Fla. Mar 2026 Suspected, not found (a defendant "suspects that Plaintiff used artificial intelligence" to draft his oppositions, and the court noted that he "does not deny" it; neither order finds that AI was used or names a tool) Warning None Sep 2026
Singletary v. SWBC Mortgage Corp. 5th Cir. Mar 2026 Unspecified; the opinion refers to 'AI-hallucinated case law' without naming a particular tool. Warning None Sep 2026
Wilkes v. Canyons School District D. Utah Mar 2026 Unspecified generative AI Court sanction Not stated May 2026
Anderson v. AKAM Associates, Inc. Sup. Ct. N.Y. Cty. Mar 2026 Unidentified (neither written order mentions AI; at the fee hearing defense counsel called the case "AI-hallucinated" and said the plaintiff did not acknowledge that it was created by "ChatGPT or the like," and the court spoke of AI in general terms) Court sanction $17,482.89 judgment for the defendants' attorneys' fees on the enforcement motion (at the hearing, before the amount was fixed, the court said paying the fees was "sanction enough"); no separate penalty and no grievance referral Sep 2026
Ioio v. City of New York 2d Cir. Mar 2026 Unidentified (the summary order says two citations in the opening brief "do not appear to exist" but does not mention AI or any tool) Other None imposed; attorneys Jo Saint-George and Tricia S. Lindsay referred to the Second Circuit's Grievance Panel under Local Rule 46.2 Sep 2026
Appeals of DSME Construction Co., Ltd. ASBCA Mar 2026 Implied (generative AI; appellant did not confirm or deny use) Court sanction Not stated Oct 2026
In the Matter of a Member of the State Bar of Arizona, John A. Griffiths Ariz. PDJ Mar 2026 Eve.legal (the PDJ's order states that Griffiths "used Eve.legal (an AI legal research service) to prepare a draft response"; the conditional admissions say the same) Bar discipline Reprimand; State Bar costs and expenses of $1,200.00 Sep 2026
Taylor v. Las Vegas Metropolitan Police Department D. Nev. Mar 2026 Generative AI (court characterized citations as "hallucinogenic"; specific tool not identified) Warning None Oct 2026
Whiting v. City of Athens, Tenn. 6th Cir. Mar 2026 Unspecified generative AI Court sanction $30,000 Sep 2026
Donaghy v. Zoning Board of Review of the Town of North Kingstown R.I. Super. Ct. Mar 2026 Unidentified (the court listed "the rise of artificial intelligence" as one possible explanation alongside "a short deadline" or "a simple error"; it made no finding on AI use and named no tool) Warning None Sep 2026
Hartmann v. Davidson N.D. Tex. Mar 2026 Generative AI (tool not specified by court; pro se plaintiff disclosed use) Other None May 2026
In re Scott Mitchell Obeginski Tex. App. (9th Dist.) Mar 2026 Unspecified generative AI Court sanction Not stated Sep 2026
Suiter v. GM - General Motors, LLC W.D. Va. Mar 2026 Unspecified generative AI (court found filings displayed characteristics 'observed in filings made with generative artificial intelligence programs') Warning None Oct 2026
Dillon v. Stephenson W.D. Okla. Mar 2026 Implied (AI research assistant; specific tool not identified) Court sanction Not stated Apr 2026
In re Eric Chibueze Nwaubani 4th Cir. Mar 2026 Technology-agnostic. The court named ChatGPT, Google Gemini, Microsoft Copilot, and Claude as examples but declined to determine which tool, if any, was used. Bar discipline Not stated Sep 2026
Donte McClellon v. E. Rickard, Warden of FCI Otisville S.D.N.Y. Mar 2026 Implied (Magistrate Judge identified hallmarks of AI-generated fabricated cases; specific tool not identified) Court sanction Not stated May 2026
Nai v. National Asset Mortgage, LLC W.D. Mich. Mar 2026 Unspecified generative AI Warning None Oct 2026
Samantha Roussell v. The Bank of New York Mellon Fla. 4th DCA Mar 2026 Generative AI (court characterized nonexistent citations as 'hallucinated cases'; explicitly addressed AI use in briefing) Warning None Sep 2026
Traver v. General Motors Financial Company, Inc. D. Mass. Mar 2026 Generative AI implied; the order references fabricated case-law citations characteristic of AI hallucination output Warning None Sep 2026
Allen v. Casper N.D. Ill. Mar 2026 Unspecified generative AI Court sanction $1,500 May 2026
Brown v. State of Mississippi Miss. Ct. App. Mar 2026 Unspecified generative AI Other None Sep 2026
Hunter v. TForce Freight Inc. D. Ariz. Mar 2026 Generative AI (specific tool not named in the order) Other None May 2026
Platt v. Volunteers of America Ohio & Indiana S.D. Ind. Mar 2026 Not identified on the order; the court suspected AI use from the pattern of nonexistent and misrepresented citations Court sanction Not stated May 2026
United States v. Simmons E.D.N.C. Mar 2026 Unnamed AI tool (defense counsel told the court at the October 9, 2025 hearing that she "typed some things in on A.I." and filed a first draft by mistake; the court found the memorandum "bore the hallmarks of generation, at least in some parts, by Artificial Intelligence"; no tool is named) Other None Sep 2026
M7 Indústria e Comércio de Compensados e Laminados Ltda. v. U.S. Structural Plywood Integrity Coalition S.D.N.Y. Mar 2026 Unspecified generative AI Court sanction Not stated Apr 2026
Slay v. Ross Ga. Ct. App. Mar 2026 Implied (specific generative AI product not identified on the face of the opinion) Warning None Oct 2026
Clark v. CoreCivic, Inc. W.D. Okla. Mar 2026 Generative AI (specific tool not identified on the record) Warning None (admonishment only; future violations may draw sanctions) Oct 2026
Van Etten v. Fattman D. Mass. Mar 2026 Generative AI implied; the order addresses fabricated content characteristic of AI hallucination output Warning None Oct 2026
Harwell v. WestCare Nevada, Inc. D. Nev. Mar 2026 ChatGPT (R&G classified ChatGPT; court referenced generative AI generally with ChatGPT as exemplar) Warning None Oct 2026
Hatch v. College Ave Student Loans N.D. Ill. Mar 2026 Not mentioned in the order Pending Pending Sep 2026
Kattom v. Bondi W.D. La. Mar 2026 ChatGPT Court sanction $1,000 May 2026
In re Estate of Kuerschner (Kuerschner v. Kuerschner) Ariz. Ct. App. Mar 2026 Unidentified (the decision finds 25 citations "made up or contain substantial errors" and says she continues "to fabricate citations," but does not mention AI) Court sanction Appeal dismissed under ARCAP 25; personal representative awarded reasonable attorney fees and costs under ARCAP 25 upon compliance with ARCAP 21 (amount not stated) Sep 2026
In re the Domestic Partnership of Torres Campos & Munoz (Torres Campos v. Munoz) Cal. Ct. App. Mar 2026 Unspecified generative AI Court sanction $5,000 May 2026
Woodward Harbor LLC v. City of Mandeville E.D. La. Mar 2026 Westlaw Precision AI and ChatGPT (per Walker's sworn declaration of February 12, 2026, ECF No. 104-1) Court sanction $1,000 personal sanction against attorney John R. Walker, payable to the Clerk of Court Sep 2026
Dixon v. MultiCare Health System W.D. Wash. Mar 2026 Unspecified generative AI Warning None (warning only; the Court reserved monetary sanctions for any future repetition, stating 'If, in the future, Dixon repeats this behavior, monetary sanctions may be awarded') May 2026
Ford v. Troy City School District N.D.N.Y. Mar 2026 Unspecified generative AI Court sanction Not stated May 2026
Medal v. Amazon.com Services LLC W.D. Wash. Mar 2026 Unspecified generative AI Pending Pending Oct 2026
Vernieri v. Dyno Nobel Americas D. Utah Mar 2026 Generative AI generally; specific tool not named in the order Warning None Oct 2026
Doe 1 v. Shirley Lai C.D. Cal. Mar 2026 Unidentified (the February 17, 2026 order said such errors "often indicate the presence of artificial intelligence-generated hallucinations"; neither order finds AI use or names a tool, and counsel's sworn response attributed the errors to drafting and said he researched on Westlaw) Warning None Sep 2026
Hardy v. Whitaker E.D. Mich. Mar 2026 Suspected generative AI, tool not identified (the magistrate judge's R&R states "The Court suspects that the fake citations result from Hardy using generative artificial intelligence (AI)"; the adopting order does not mention AI) Court sanction Not stated Sep 2026
Put A Bird On It, LLC v. Seattle Arena Holdings, LLC Wash. Ct. App. Mar 2026 AI-based search engines (unidentified) Warning None Sep 2026
Hicks v. City of Albany Ga. Ct. App. Feb 2026 Unspecified generative AI Other None Sep 2026
Estate of Khallid Muhammad et al. v. Tupac Shakur Estate et al. C.D. Cal. Feb 2026 Suspected generative AI; the court ordered plaintiffs to disclose any AI use, and plaintiffs did not disclose any in response Other None May 2026
Perry v. Exeter Finance LLC D. Ariz. Feb 2026 Generative AI suspected, specific tool not named in the order Warning None Oct 2026
Thomas v. The Quikrete Companies, LLC W.D. Tex. Feb 2026 Unspecified generative AI Other None Oct 2026
United States v. Ponce D. Nev. Feb 2026 Generative AI (court characterized citations as "hallucinogenic"; specific tool not identified) Warning None Oct 2026
In re Termination of Parental Rights as to H.K. Ariz. Ct. App. Feb 2026 Unidentified (the decision says Mother's answering brief contains "what appear to be hallucinated quotations" but does not mention AI or name a tool) Other None; the court will forward its decision to the State Bar of Arizona Sep 2026
Kettering Adventist Healthcare v. Sandra Collier S.D. Ohio Feb 2026 generative AI (admitted by counsel for preliminary case identification) Court sanction $7,500 May 2026
Lee v. Capital One Bank (USA), N.A. D. Utah Feb 2026 Generative AI generally; specific tool not named in the order Warning None Oct 2026
Mau v. City and County of Honolulu D. Haw. Feb 2026 None found (both sanctioned attorneys declared that they do not use AI for drafting legal documents, and the sanctions order states that they "did not use AI"; they said privilege and ethical obligations prevented them from explaining how the errors occurred) Court sanction $2,000 total ($1,000 against each of two attorneys, personally), payable to the United States District Court for the District of Hawaii within seven days Sep 2026
Villalovos-Gutierrez v. Van de Pol E.D. Cal. Feb 2026 Unspecified generative AI Court sanction Not stated Apr 2026
Evgeny Yaroshevsky v. Karlin E.D.N.Y. Feb 2026 Google Gemini Court sanction Not stated May 2026
Zeus Realty Group LLC v. 1032 N Sycamore Owner LA, LLC C.D. Cal. Feb 2026 Unspecified generative AI Court sanction Not stated May 2026
Reynolds v. Progressive Technologies, Inc. W.D. Tenn. Feb 2026 Unidentified generative AI (the court found that plaintiff cited 'fabricated legal authority' across multiple filings; specific tool not on the record) Warning None Oct 2026
Bixler v. Church of Scientology International Cal. Ct. App. Feb 2026 Unidentified (per the court's February 19, 2026 order, respondents' counsel conceded they prepared the brief "with the aid of artificial intelligence tools"; no tool is named) Other None imposed; the court gave notice under rule 8.276(c) that it was considering monetary sanctions, and its May 19, 2026 opinion does not address them Sep 2026
Pena v. Wells Fargo Bank S.D. Fla. Feb 2026 Unidentified (the court found the plaintiffs likely obtained a citation from 'an unreliable source, such as artificial intelligence'; no specific tool named) Warning None May 2026
EFD USA, Inc. v. Band Pro Film and Digital, Inc. Cal. Ct. App. Feb 2026 Unidentified generative AI (trial counsel's 'AI consultant' used an unidentified 'AI system' to shorten the brief) Court sanction $900 May 2026
Fletcher v. Experian Information Solutions, Inc. 5th Cir. Feb 2026 Generative AI (unspecified) Court sanction $2,500 Oct 2026
Matter of Adapt Forward, LLC GAO Feb 2026 Implied (AI/LLM-generated citations) Other None May 2026
Jones v. Target Corporation D. Or. Feb 2026 Generative AI (specific product not identified by court; "hallucinated" case citations) Court sanction Not stated May 2026
Mardis v. Dealer Loyalty Protection S.D. Ohio Feb 2026 Unidentified generative AI (court found the citations to be 'AI-generated, hallucinated caselaw' without naming a specific product) Warning None Oct 2026
Martin v. ODS Community Dental Insurance D. Or. Feb 2026 Generative AI (specific product not identified by court; "generative artificial intelligence" referenced in the order) Warning None Oct 2026
CHP 1010 McDowell, LLC v. Turpen (In re Escobedo) Bankr. D. Colo. Feb 2026 Unspecified generative AI (the order describes 'prompts from some artificial intelligence guidance' visible in the motion text; specific tool not named) Warning None (warning only; the Court cautioned that further AI-citation failures may be sanctionable under Fed. R. Bankr. P. 9011) May 2026
In re Social Media Adolescent Addiction/Personal Injury Products Liability Litigation N.D. Cal. Feb 2026 Unspecified generative AI Other None Oct 2026
Creditors Adjustment Bureau, Inc. v. All Season Power LLC C.D. Cal. Feb 2026 Unspecified generative AI Warning None Oct 2026
Matter of: G2 Ops, Inc. GAO Feb 2026 Unidentified (GAO says the erroneous citations "bear the hallmarks of the use of a large-language model or other artificial intelligence (AI)"; no tool is named) Warning None Sep 2026
In re: Telexfree Securities Litigation D. Mass. Feb 2026 Unspecified generative AI Pending Pending Oct 2026
Lindsey Newell v. The Law Offices of Travis R. Walker, P.A. S.D. Fla. Feb 2026 Unspecified generative AI Court sanction $5,000 May 2026
Picon-Diaz v. Bondi 10th Cir. Feb 2026 Unspecified generative AI Warning None Oct 2026
Rosario v. Liberty Mutual Personal Insurance Company E.D. Pa. Feb 2026 None found (the court wrote: "We have no reason to today find the abuse of artificial intelligence research. We instead see old-fashioned lack of diligence.") Warning None; sanctions deferred on condition that counsel email the memorandum to firm colleagues and file a certificate of compliance by February 17, 2026 Sep 2026
City of Dickinson v. Helgeson N.D. Sup. Ct. Feb 2026 Implied (the court quoted Mezu v. Mezu that 'Fake or nonexistent legal citations typically are the result of AI “hallucinations.”' and said the source of the errors did not matter) Court sanction $500 Sep 2026
CVTEK, LLC GAO Feb 2026 Westlaw CoCounsel Warning None May 2026
Legarza v. Northern Star (Alaska), Inc. D. Alaska Feb 2026 Unspecified generative AI Other None May 2026
Rechlicz v. Price Point Builders, LLC Ind. Ct. App. Feb 2026 Not identified; court characterized errant citation as a typographical mistake but framed the broader risk as generative AI hallucination Warning None Oct 2026
TQJ, LLC v. Esquivel C.D. Cal. Feb 2026 Unspecified generative AI Court sanction Not stated May 2026
Chumpitaz-Morales v. Bondi 10th Cir. Feb 2026 Generative AI inferred (panel: 'an artificial intelligence (AI) product (e.g., ChatGPT, Microsoft CoPilot)') Other None May 2026
Dodds v. Bridges 10th Cir. Feb 2026 Generative AI inferred (panel: 'such as ChatGPT'; Dodds attributed the citations to 'transcription errors' by an unnamed outside source who typed the brief) Warning None Oct 2026
Alberti v. District of Columbia D.D.C. Feb 2026 Unspecified generative AI Court sanction Not stated Apr 2026
Matter of Omid Zareh N.Y. App. Div. 1st Dep't Feb 2026 ChatGPT Bar discipline Not stated May 2026
Labonte v. BOKF, N.A. D. Colo. Feb 2026 AI (implied; unspecified) Other None May 2026
William Parker v. Patrick "Pat" Labat, et al. N.D. Ga. Feb 2026 Not determined (the show-cause order required counsel to state whether he used AI to prepare the brief; he did not respond) Court sanction Non-monetary Rule 11(b) sanction: a six-hour CLE course on employment law or legal research and writing within six months, with proof of attendance; and, for one year, a sworn statement with every document filed in the court verifying that counsel personally checked all citations and quotations Sep 2026
United States v. Clint Travis Rodgers W.D. Mo. Feb 2026 Unidentified (the court wrote that, "[i]f this is not an intentional misrepresentation to the Court, the Court suspects that Mr. Norrid may have used some form of artificial intelligence"; no tool is named and the order records no explanation from counsel) Other None Sep 2026
Amarsingh v. Frontier Airlines, Inc. 10th Cir. Feb 2026 ChatGPT Court sanction $1,000 Apr 2026
Avenue Capital Group, LLC v. Strum N.Y. Sup. Ct. Feb 2026 Unspecified generative AI Court sanction Not stated Apr 2026
Bruce v. United States D.S.C. Feb 2026 Generative AI implied; the order references generative AI programs that "hallucinate" cases Warning None Oct 2026
Peter L. Clinco, Deceased, C. M. Barone-Clinco, Successor in Interest, and C. M. Barone-Clinco v. Commissioner of Internal Revenue U.S. Tax Court Feb 2026 Unidentified (the court said three citations "appear to be hallucinations generated by a large language model AI" but that it is "not absolutely clear from the record" whether counsel used generative AI; no tool is named) Warning None Sep 2026
Cummins v. Becerra E.D. Cal. Feb 2026 Unspecified generative AI Other None Oct 2026
Valve Corporation v. Rothschild W.D. Wash. Feb 2026 Unspecified generative AI Pending Pending Oct 2026
Raul Gonzales Davila v. Roblen, LLC f/d/b/a Vicolo Pizza Restaurant D. Conn. Feb 2026 Unspecified generative AI research tool Court sanction Not stated Apr 2026
Arkansas Department of Human Services v. April Ward and Minor Child Ark. Feb 2026 Microsoft Office Copilot Court sanction Not stated Sep 2026
Flycatcher Corp. Ltd. v. Affable Avenue LLC S.D.N.Y. Feb 2026 NotebookLM, vLex, Paxton AI Court sanction Not stated Apr 2026
Button v. McCawley S.D. Fla. Feb 2026 Unidentified (the court referred to "what appears to be Plaintiffs' frequent use of artificial intelligence"; the Buttons stated that they "do not rely on artificial intelligence to generate or fabricate legal authority"; no tool is named) Court sanction Not stated Sep 2026
Holmes v. University of Texas at Austin W.D. Tex. Feb 2026 Unspecified generative AI Court sanction Not stated Apr 2026
In re the Matter of Abiud Rosas Carreon v. Maria G. Rosas Rivera Ariz. Ct. App. Feb 2026 Unidentified (the decision quotes Mother's assertion that incomplete citations are "a sign of the use of [Artificial Intelligence]" but makes no AI finding of its own and names no tool) Warning None Sep 2026
Sophia Madigan v. Graco Inc. D. Minn. Feb 2026 Unspecified AI-based legal-research service Other None May 2026
Odunze v. Lake Effect D. Utah Feb 2026 Generative AI generally; specific tool not named in the order Warning None Oct 2026
Offen Petroleum LLC v. L&J Express LLC D. Ariz. Feb 2026 Unidentified (the order flags a nonexistent case and inaccurate quotations but does not attribute them to AI or name a tool) Warning None (a one-sentence warning in footnote 1) Sep 2026
1S REO Opportunity 1, LLC v. 223 Howard LLC E.D.N.Y. Feb 2026 Unidentified (the order flags a fabricated citation but does not attribute it to AI or name a tool) Other None May 2026
Kabir v. WebMD LLC D.N.J. Feb 2026 Generative AI inferred from hallucinated case citations and from plaintiff's own Notice Regarding Use of Cognitive Artificial Intelligence (ECF No. 58); specific tool not identified Court sanction Not stated Oct 2026
Kizzie Sims v. Board of County Commissioners for Oklahoma County W.D. Okla. Feb 2026 Unnamed AI drafting tool (per the order, plaintiff's counsel acknowledged using an AI drafting tool to assist in preparing his brief) Other None Sep 2026
Lexos Media IP, LLC v. Overstock.com, Inc. D. Kan. Feb 2026 ChatGPT Court sanction $12,000 total across four attorneys ($5,000 + $3,000 + $3,000 + $1,000); fifth attorney released from monetary sanctions Apr 2026
Mills v. City of St. Louis E.D. Mo. Jan 2026 Generative AI (the court found plaintiff's filings 'bear the hallmarks of artificial intelligence hallucinations'; plaintiff acknowledged using 'electronic drafting tools that paraphrase legal principles' but did not identify a specific tool) Court sanction Not stated May 2026
Schaaf v. Nellis Auction Holdings, LLC D. Nev. Jan 2026 Unspecified generative AI Court sanction Not stated Apr 2026
SEC v. Nantomah E.D. Wis. Jan 2026 Generative AI implied; the order references generative AI programs like ChatGPT generally Warning None Oct 2026
Wilcox v. Gingrinch Ind. Ct. App. Jan 2026 Generative AI (presumed; not acknowledged) Warning None Oct 2026
Greene v. GSK PLC W.D. Wash. Jan 2026 Unspecified generative AI Warning None (warning only; the Court reserved Rule 11 sanctions for any future filing providing 'authority to the Court that does not actually exist') May 2026
Mims v. Brown W.D. Wis. Jan 2026 ChatGPT (identified in PDF metadata of the plaintiff's filings) Warning None Oct 2026
Matter of Bramstedt Surgical Inc. GAO Jan 2026 Unspecified generative AI Warning None May 2026
Cassata v. Michael Macrina Architect, P.C. Sup. Ct., Suffolk County, N.Y. Jan 2026 Unspecified generative AI Court sanction $10,000 May 2026
Lifetime Well LLC v. IBSpot.com Inc. E.D. Pa. Jan 2026 Lexis+ AI and LexisNexis Protégé Court sanction $4,000 Apr 2026
Future Field Solutions, LLC v. Van Norstrand D. Md. Jan 2026 Unspecified generative AI Other None Sep 2026
Tolbert v. The State Ga. Ct. App. Jan 2026 Unspecified generative AI Court sanction Not stated May 2026
Kaufman v. Upton D. Mass. Jan 2026 Unspecified generative AI Other None Oct 2026
That Xiong v. Minga Wofford E.D. Cal. Jan 2026 Unspecified generative AI Court sanction Not stated May 2026
Button v. Jimison (Jan. 20, 2026 order) W.D. Wash. Jan 2026 Generative AI inferred from the citation pattern; specific tool not identified on the record Court sanction Not stated Sep 2026
Medical Buyers Group v. Pence M.D. Ga. Jan 2026 Unspecified generative AI Court sanction $10,000 May 2026
Osborne Properties Limited Partnership v. Mohamed Minn. Dist. Ct. (Hennepin Cnty.) Jan 2026 Unidentified (the order finds that counsel "twice submitted a fake, hallucinated case" and discusses attorneys' use of AI generally, but does not find that he used AI or name a tool) Court sanction $5,000 penalty on the attorney personally, not his client (payable at $500 a month under a May 5, 2026 amendment); false citations struck and inaccurate ones corrected; the court to inform the Lawyers Professional Responsibility Board Sep 2026
Yue v. Reaction Labs, LLC W.D. Tex. Jan 2026 Unspecified generative AI Court sanction Not stated Apr 2026
Alzado-Lotz v. Bock D. Colo. Jan 2026 Implied (undisclosed; fabricated citation hallmarks) Other None May 2026
Hodges v. Meridian Waste Acquisitions, LLC (consolidated with Rieske v. Accounting Fulfillment Services, LLC) M.D. Fla. Jan 2026 Unspecified generative AI Court sanction $7,000 Apr 2026
Lepp v. Mallett E.D. Mich. Jan 2026 OpenAI ChatGPT-4o (Plaintiff disclosed using ChatGPT-4o to produce an 'AI Legal Analysis Report' attached as an exhibit) Other None May 2026
Tafah v. Lake Village Townhomes D. Md. Jan 2026 Generative AI implied; the order references a fabricated case-law citation characteristic of AI hallucination output Warning None Oct 2026
Tiffany K. v. Commissioner of Social Security E.D. Mich. Jan 2026 Unidentified (the order says the apparently non-existent Fleck v. Comm'r of Soc. Sec. citation was "likely caused by use of generative artificial intelligence (AI)"; it makes no finding of AI use and names no tool) Warning None Sep 2026
Corst v. Mushailov N.Y. Civ. Ct., Kings Cty. Jan 2026 Unidentified (the court wrote in a footnote that "these 'hallucinated' cases appear to have been generated with the use of an artificial intelligence program," while noting counsel's letter did not specifically acknowledge it; no tool is named) Other None Sep 2026
North Atlantic Operating Company, Inc., et al. v. Indiana Import, LLC, et al. S.D. Ind. Jan 2026 Not named in the order; the order does not mention artificial intelligence, and AI use is an inference drawn by the Charlotin tracker, not a court finding Court sanction Not stated Oct 2026
Boyd v. Lee Md. Ct. Spec. App. Jan 2026 Unspecified generative AI Other None Sep 2026
Lopez Hernandez v. Lundy E.D. Cal. Jan 2026 Unspecified generative AI Other None Oct 2026
Kjoller v. Superior Court of Nevada County (People real party in interest) Cal. Jan 2026 not named on the record Pending Pending Apr 2026
Saber v. Navy Federal Credit Union Pa. Super. Ct. Jan 2026 Generative AI (unspecified) Other None May 2026
Viken v. Schuelke Minn. Dist. Ct. (Hennepin Cnty.) Jan 2026 "Lexis Assist" (per the order, counsel said at the hearing that he had relied upon "Lexis Assist"; the order does not describe the product or attribute the quotations to AI) Pending Pending Sep 2026
Russel Williams Home Services LLC v. Minleon International (USA) Limited LLC M.D. Pa. Jan 2026 Unspecified generative AI Other None Oct 2026
Young v. City of Memphis W.D. Tenn. Jan 2026 Microsoft Teams 'Read AI' transcription / recap feature Other None May 2026
Bacurin v. Bacurin Cal. Super. Ct. (L.A. Cnty.) Jan 2026 Unidentified (the order finds cited pages and cases that do not exist and a quotation absent from the cited case, but it does not mention AI or name a tool) Other None Sep 2026
Collins v. Nova Association Management Partners LLC W.D. Wash. Jan 2026 Unspecified generative AI Court sanction Not stated May 2026
Heiting v. I Am Beyond LLC Cal. Super. Ct. (L.A. County) Jan 2026 Not identified (the ruling says it is "likely" the briefing "was influenced by hallucinations that are inherent in the use of artificial intelligence") Warning None Sep 2026
Mavy v. Commissioner of Social Security Administration D. Ariz. Jan 2026 Unspecified generative AI Court sanction Not stated May 2026
Doe v. United States (D.N.J. 2026) D.N.J. Jan 2026 Unspecified generative AI Warning None (Rule 11 caution in footnote 3 of dismissal order; complaint dismissed without prejudice under 28 U.S.C. § 1915(e)(2) on separate Rule 8 / failure-to-state-a-claim grounds with leave to amend) May 2026
Gharavi v. Google LLC N.D. Cal. Jan 2026 Not mentioned in the order (the error came from Bloomberg Law search results) Other None Sep 2026
Wurtenberg v. The City of New York N.Y. Sup. Ct. Jan 2026 Not determined (the court found the opposition's defects "consistent with the misuse of a generative artificial intelligence program") Warning None Sep 2026
Garibay-Robledo v. Noem N.D. Tex. Jan 2026 Not mentioned in either order (counsel said the non-existent case "was obtained from a Facebook comment") Court sanction Not stated Sep 2026
Hayes v. Chipotle Mexican Grill, LLC M.D. Fla. Jan 2026 Unidentified (the court found it 'likely' Hayes used 'automated, artificial intelligence tools'; no specific tool named) Warning None May 2026
Deutsche Bank National Trust Co. v. LeTennier N.Y. App. Div. 3d Dep't Jan 2026 Unspecified generative AI Court sanction $10,000 May 2026
Hollinger v. Enlisted Association of the National Guard of the United States E.D. Va. Jan 2026 Unidentified (the order states that Hollinger "admitted he used artificial intelligence ('AI') to generate legal authority"; no tool is named) Court sanction Not stated Sep 2026
McPhaul v. College Hills OPCO, LLC D. Kan. Jan 2026 Unspecified generative AI Court sanction Not stated May 2026
Ayatollah Hylton v. Chivone Janee Hylton S.D. Fla. Jan 2026 Unidentified (the court found a non-existent case citation in a pro se filing; it did not attribute the fabrication to AI, and named no tool) Warning None May 2026
Allen v. Experian Information Solutions, Inc. D. Idaho Jan 2026 Implied (court referenced 'mistaken reliance upon artificial intelligence for legal research') Warning None Oct 2026
Washburn v. Houston Ariz. Ct. App. Jan 2026 None stated in the decision (it calls the quotations and record cites "hallucinated" but does not mention AI) Other No monetary sanction; decision forwarded to the State Bar of Arizona to review whether counsel violated any rule of professional conduct Sep 2026
Burnett v. The City of New York N.Y. Sup. Ct., N.Y. Cnty. Dec 2025 Unspecified generative AI Court sanction Not stated May 2026
Hildebrandt v. siParadigm LLC D.N.J. Dec 2025 Unspecified generative AI Court sanction Not stated Apr 2026
Sevilla v. Ross D.S.C. Dec 2025 Generative AI implied; the order's footnote describes "hallmarks of motions created using artificial intelligence or found on the internet" Warning None Oct 2026
Jones v. Experian Information Solutions, Inc. (E.D. Mich.) E.D. Mich. Dec 2025 Generative AI (specific tool not identified on the record; court inferred AI use from misuse of a Sixth Circuit case in arbitration briefing) Warning None Oct 2026
Labatt USA Operating Co., LLC v. Friends Beverage Group, LLC N.Y. Sup. Ct., N.Y. Cnty. Dec 2025 Unspecified generative AI Court sanction Not stated Apr 2026
M.T. Real Estate Investment Inc. v. Servis One, Inc., et al. D. Nev. Dec 2025 Unspecified generative AI Court sanction Not stated May 2026
Pauliah v. University of Mississippi Medical Center S.D. Miss. Dec 2025 Unspecified generative AI Court sanction $5,000 May 2026
Ringer v. Bank of America, N.A. N.D. Ga. Dec 2025 Unspecified generative AI Court sanction $1,500 Apr 2026
Silverberg v. Bonomo D. Nev. Dec 2025 Generative AI (court referenced potential AI misuse; specific tool not identified) Warning None Oct 2026
Cherleatha B. v. Bisignano D.S.C. Dec 2025 Generative AI implied; the order describes generative AI programs that "hallucinate" nonexistent cases Warning None Oct 2026
In re S.A., D.H., and B.M., Minors Ill. App. 2d Dist. Dec 2025 Unspecified generative AI Other None Sep 2026
Ng v. AmGuard Insurance Company S.D.N.Y. Dec 2025 Implied (court suspected AI hallucination; specific tool not identified) Court sanction Not stated May 2026
Allen v. Amazon N.D. Tex. Dec 2025 Unidentified generative AI (Allen did not dispute using AI; no specific tool named) Warning None May 2026
Leber v. Bryan Medical Center D. Neb. Dec 2025 Implied (court characterized cited case as 'a hallucination of artificial intelligence') Warning None Oct 2026
Donovan v. Clark County Assessor Ind. Tax Ct. Dec 2025 Generative artificial intelligence (specific tool not identified); use confirmed at oral argument Warning None Oct 2026
Billups v. Louisville Municipal School District N.D. Miss. Dec 2025 Grok Court sanction Not stated Apr 2026
Disability Rights Mississippi v. Palmer Home for Children N.D. Miss. Dec 2025 AI use suspected but contested; counsel denied AI use and attributed errors to an 'internal reference document' (Microsoft OneNote screenshots) and copy-paste errors Court sanction $20,883.10 in attorney's fees and costs, plus mandatory 3-hour Mississippi CLE on hallucinatory AI citations May 2026
Fantini v. Westrock Co. D.N.J. Dec 2025 Unspecified generative AI Warning None (Rule 11 reminder in footnote 5 of summary-judgment opinion; sanctions reserved for any future failure to conduct 'reasonable inquiry') May 2026
Patrick Joseph Groulx v. CSL Limited Mich. Ct. App. Dec 2025 Unidentified (the order cites two non-existent cases but does not mention AI or name a tool) Court sanction Appeal dismissed (the order does not label the dismissal a sanction); appellees' sanctions request held "not properly presented," without prejudice to a separate motion within 21 days Sep 2026
Menk v. The Mitre Corporation D. Md. Dec 2025 ChatGPT (per counsel's own explanation, as recounted in the order: he used ChatGPT, "a generative artificial intelligence ('AI') chatbot," for preliminary research, and it supplied the citation) Warning None Sep 2026
Simpson v. Portfolio Recovery Associates, LLC W.D. Va. Dec 2025 Unspecified generative AI (court referenced 'generative artificial intelligence' generally; no specific tool identified on the record) Warning None Oct 2026
Gerou v. George E.D. Wis. Dec 2025 Generative AI implied; the order discusses AI-generated fabricated citations generally Warning None Oct 2026
Lafayette v. Abrami Vt. Super. Dec 2025 Unidentified generative AI 'software' (the order describes plaintiff's reliance on 'artificial intelligence software' for legal research; specific tool not named) Court sanction $7,360.96 in attorney's fees and costs ($7,346.56 fees + $14.40 costs) under Vermont's anti-SLAPP statute, plus a pre-filing injunction limiting plaintiff to attorney-represented filings or pre-clearance by the assigned superior court judge May 2026
Wireless Investors LLC v. Semtech Incorporated, et al. D. Ariz. Dec 2025 Unspecified generative AI Warning None Oct 2026
Zhang v. National Public Radio, Inc. D.D.C. Dec 2025 Generative AI implied; the orders identify nonexistent and misrepresented citations characteristic of AI hallucination output Court sanction $1,000 (final amount; reduced from initial sanction figure following sealed in-camera hearing) Sep 2026
Friend v. Serpa Fla. 4th DCA Dec 2025 Generative AI (court addressed use of 'artificial intelligence' explicitly; specific tool not named) Warning None Sep 2026
Halpern v. Federal Reserve Bank of New York N.D. Ill. Dec 2025 Unspecified generative AI (court flagged "hallucinated by Artificial Intelligence" as the likely source) Warning None Sep 2026
L.A. Housing Outreach, LLC v. Medoff Cal. Ct. App. Dec 2025 Unspecified generative AI Court sanction $5,070 May 2026
Angelica E. Cruz et al. v. United States of America C.D. Cal. Dec 2025 Unspecified generative AI Court sanction Not stated May 2026
Dorsey v. Jones Del. Ch. Dec 2025 Unspecified generative AI Warning None Oct 2026
Holmes Family Trust v. Multnomah County Assessor Or. Tax Ct. Dec 2025 Generative artificial intelligence (specific product not identified by court) Warning None Oct 2026
In re Zimmer M/L Taper Hip Prosthesis (McMillian v. Zimmer US, Inc.) S.D.N.Y. Dec 2025 Unspecified generative AI Court sanction $9,000 Apr 2026
PRM Group, Inc. v. Paralegal Bootcamp LLC D. Md. Dec 2025 Unspecified generative AI Court sanction Not stated Apr 2026
Taylor v. Prince George's County, Maryland D. Md. Dec 2025 Unspecified (the magistrate judge noted the citation errors are the type generative AI produces but said it was unclear whether AI or another circumstance caused them) Other None May 2026
Braica v. Frankowski D. Conn. Dec 2025 Unspecified generative AI Court sanction Admonition + strike of Plaintiff's Response (ECF No. 30) and Sur-Reply (ECF No. 32) from the record without leave to amend; future sanctions (including dismissal of the case with prejudice) reserved for any further AI-generated hallucinations in any subsequent filing May 2026
Gardner v. Combs D.N.J. Dec 2025 Unspecified generative AI Court sanction $6,000 May 2026
Harvey v. Torrent Leasing & U.S. Bank D. Nev. Dec 2025 ChatGPT (court named ChatGPT specifically as exemplar of generative AI that "may hallucinate") Other None May 2026
Jeter v. ADUSA Transportation LLC D.S.C. Dec 2025 Generative AI implied; the magistrate's R&R discusses AI use generally Warning None Oct 2026
Maturin v. T-Mobile USA, Inc. D.N.M. Dec 2025 Generative AI implied; the magistrate's recommendation discusses AI use generally; the district judge's adoption order requires future AI-disclosure certifications Court sanction $8,640 (recommended; final amount to be set on supplemental affidavit) May 2026
Williams v. Canavan M.D. Pa. Dec 2025 Unspecified generative AI; the order references 'cut-and-paste AI outputs' generally Warning None Oct 2026
Couvrette v. Wisnovsky D. Or. Dec 2025 Generative AI (unspecified; not identified by the court) Court sanction $110,204.38 total. Lead counsel Brigandi: $15,500 Clerk sanction + $80,498.72 (85% of defendants' $94,704.38 amended fee award) = $95,998.72. Local counsel Murphy: $14,205.66 (15% of fee award) for willful violation of LR 83-3. Sep 2026
N.Z. v. Fenix International Limited C.D. Cal. Dec 2025 ChatGPT Court sanction $13,000 Apr 2026
Sanchez v. Chedraui USA, Inc. Cal. Super. Ct. (L.A. Cnty.) Dec 2025 Unidentified (the court "could not locate" the cited case and issued an order to show cause about "a fabricated case citation," but neither order mentions AI or names a tool) Other None Sep 2026
Russell v. Mells Fla. 2d DCA Dec 2025 Unspecified generative AI Other None Oct 2026
Sharky's Sports Bar v. Village of Mt. Morris, Illinois N.D. Ill. Dec 2025 Unspecified generative AI Warning None Oct 2026
South Side Area School District v. Pennsylvania Human Relations Commission Pa. Commw. Ct. Dec 2025 Unidentified (the court's January 12, 2026 order lists quotations that "could not be located in the cited case" and does not mention AI; AI questioning at oral argument is reported only in news coverage) Pending Pending Sep 2026
Dusablon v. Gibbs S.D.N.Y. Dec 2025 Unspecified generative AI Warning None Oct 2026
Lin v. Leal Cal. Super. Ct. (L.A. Cnty.) Dec 2025 Unidentified (the orders describe "fake and/or improper" case citations, and the October 23 order states that one cited case "does not exist," but neither mentions AI or names a tool) Court sanction $500, payable to the Superior Court of California, County of Los Angeles, by January 12, 2026 (Code Civ. Proc. 177.5, for violation of Code Civ. Proc. 128.7(b)(2)) Sep 2026
Dodge v. FirstService Residential Arizona LLC D. Ariz. Dec 2025 Federally Lawyer (counsel testified it is "an add-on to the enterprise version of ChatGPT") Other None Sep 2026
Browne v. Ciobanu 7th Cir. Dec 2025 Generative AI inferred from R&G AI Court Order Tracker classification; the published opinion itself does not mention AI, ChatGPT, generative tools, or hallucinations. The AI-conduct claim rests on the appellant's underlying briefs rather than on findings in the panel order. Other None Sep 2026
In re Nupeutics Natural, Inc.; Gladstone v. Peatross Bankr. S.D. Cal. Dec 2025 Unspecified generative AI Court sanction $950 Apr 2026
Mullins v. Duquesne University of the Holy Spirit W.D. Pa. Dec 2025 Not named in the order striking the brief; plaintiff's subsequent re-filed reply identified ChatGPT and Claude Court sanction Not stated May 2026
Jordan v. Chicago Housing Authority Cook County, Ill. Dec 2025 ChatGPT (used by one partner, Danielle Malaty, per her statements to the court; the order finds the balance of the false quotations and holdings "are not explained by an attorney's misuse of a new technology") Court sanction $59,500 total ($10,000 against attorney Larry Mason; $49,500 against Goldberg Segalla LLP) Sep 2026
Wade v. TrainCareConsult, Inc. Cal. Super. Ct. (L.A. Cnty.) Dec 2025 Unidentified (the court recited the defendant's request for sanctions based on "apparent signs that the opposition contains artificial intelligence 'hallucinations'" and quoted Noland v. Land of the Free on citations "whether provided by generative AI or any other source," but made no finding that AI was used; no tool is named) Court sanction $500, payable to counsel for defendant by January 5, 2026 Sep 2026
Black Oak Capital BOCA, LLC v. Paul Evans, LLC D. Utah Dec 2025 Unspecified generative AI Court sanction Not stated May 2026
Dorsey v. Ponce N.D. Ill. Dec 2025 Unidentified (the court suspected an artificial intelligence tool but named none; Dorsey disclosed no tool) Warning None May 2026
Hill v. Oklahoma County Criminal Justice Authority W.D. Okla. Dec 2025 ChatGPT Court sanction Defendants' reasonable attorneys' fees and costs for hearing attendance (amount to be determined) Apr 2026
Jason M. Hatfield, P.A. v. Pirani W.D. Ark. Dec 2025 Unspecified (Pirani admitted using artificial intelligence; the orders name no tool) Court sanction $1,000 fine to the Clerk of the Court Sep 2026
Moore v. City of Del City 10th Cir. Dec 2025 Generative AI (no specific tool named in the order) Court sanction Not stated May 2026
Ringo v. Colquhoun Design Studio, LLC Or. Ct. App. Dec 2025 Generative AI (unspecified; court did not name a specific tool) Court sanction $2,000 Apr 2026
United States v. Boehm M.D. Pa. Dec 2025 Unspecified generative AI; the court ordered prospective disclosure of the specific tool used Warning None Sep 2026
Harris v. Pinnacle Bank N.D. Miss. Dec 2025 Not mentioned in the order (the order refers only to "fictitious legal authorities"; the court's later May 7, 2026 opinion says the show cause issued after the court learned the filing "likely contained AI-generated legal citations") Warning None Sep 2026
Jarrus v. Governor of Michigan E.D. Mich. Dec 2025 ChatGPT (Plaintiff Michael Jarrus admitted using ChatGPT Plus, $20/month subscription) Court sanction $600 ($300 per Plaintiff) May 2026
Johnson v. Insight Global, LLC N.D. Ga. Dec 2025 Not found (the report records the defendant's point that the plaintiff "appears to rely upon citations to non-existent caselaw, which may be the result of generative artificial intelligence"; the court made no AI finding and named no tool) Warning None Sep 2026
Magee v. New Balance Athletics, Inc. E.D. Ark. Dec 2025 Generative AI; the tool is not named, but Magee acknowledged on the record that he prepared the response using generative AI Court sanction Not stated Oct 2026
Bey v. Glass M.D. Fla. Dec 2025 Unidentified (the court believed a fabricated citation was 'possibly caused by the use of Artificial Intelligence'; no tool named) Warning None May 2026
Shayan v. Shakib Cal. Ct. App. Dec 2025 Unspecified generative AI Court sanction $7,500 May 2026
The Doc App, Inc. d/b/a My Florida Green v. Leafwell, Inc. M.D. Fla. Nov 2025 Unspecified generative AI Court sanction Not stated May 2026
Jesse Andre v. Warden, FCI Danbury D. Conn. Nov 2025 Generative artificial intelligence (Petitioner admitted to 'heavy' reliance on AI; tool not specifically identified by name on the record; drafting service was 'Nuline Legal' / Alan Adamz, help@nulinelegal.com) Court sanction Not stated Sep 2026
Associated Builders and Contractors, Inc., Eastern Pennsylvania Chapter v. Bucks County Community College Pa. Commw. Ct. Nov 2025 Unspecified generative AI Court sanction Not stated Sep 2026
Mills v. Rocket Mortgage LLC W.D. La. Nov 2025 Unidentified generative AI (the magistrate found that plaintiffs 'likely used generative artificial intelligence (GenAI) to assist in research and failed to check whether the GenAI-generated content was accurate'; specific tool not on the record) Warning None Oct 2026
Pletcher v. Village of Libertyville Police Pension Board Ill. App. 2d Dist. Nov 2025 Unspecified generative AI (admitted by appellant at oral argument) Court sanction Not stated May 2026
Dubinin v. Papazian S.D. Fla. Nov 2025 Unspecified generative AI Court sanction $4,030.90 Apr 2026
Clayman v. Bessant S.D. Fla. Nov 2025 Generative AI (court found plaintiff's citation 'United States v. Bovio, 708 F. Supp. 2d 579 (E.D.N.Y. 2010)' was 'an AI-generated hallucination and not an actual case'; specific tool not named) Court sanction Not stated May 2026
Kilinc v. PMMUE Eduservices Private Limited S.D.N.Y. Nov 2025 Unspecified generative AI Other None Oct 2026
Raymond Alan Shields v. First Financial Corporation Tenn. Cir. Ct. (Davidson Cnty.) Nov 2025 Not determined (the order says the errors are "characteristic of Artificial Intelligence use" and does not find that AI was used) Warning None Sep 2026
Buchanan v. Vuori, Inc. N.D. Cal. Nov 2025 ChatGPT, Claude, Clear Brief, Lexis, Westlaw (six AI tools per attorney's response) Court sanction $250 Apr 2026
Evans v. Robertson E.D. Mich. Nov 2025 Unidentified (the order sanctions both parties for factitious citations but does not mention AI; the magistrate judge's September 25, 2025 order had called earlier factitious citations "presumably a product of using artificial intelligence (AI) software") Court sanction Revocation of both parties' Pro Se Electronic Document Upload privileges for the case (filings by mail or hand delivery only); no monetary sanction; seven previously stricken briefs to remain stricken; warning that each future brief with factitious citations would draw a one-hundred-dollar fine Sep 2026
In re Jackson Hospital & Clinic, Inc. Bankr. M.D. Ala. Nov 2025 Unspecified generative AI Court sanction Not stated May 2026
Nuvola, LLC v. Wright Minn. Dist. Ct. (Hennepin Cnty.) Nov 2025 Unidentified generative AI program (counsel "admitted that he used generative artificial intelligence (AI) to draft his memorandum") Court sanction $1,000 Sep 2026
Ekeocha v. U.S. Department of State D.D.C. Nov 2025 Unspecified generative AI Warning None Oct 2026
Mareiorozyan v. Automobili Lamborghini America, LLC Cal. Super. Ct. (L.A. Cnty.) Nov 2025 Unidentified (the court wrote that Midway "persuasively argues" and makes "a compelling argument" that the citation came from counsel's improper use of artificial intelligence, but it made no finding and warned counsel only "[i]f the nonexistent citation was the result of counsel using AI"; no tool is named) Warning None Sep 2026
Paredes Guevara v. A&P Restaurant Corp. S.D.N.Y. Nov 2025 Unspecified generative AI Warning None Oct 2026
Moorehead v. Goodwill Industries of Northeast Texas E.D. Tex. Nov 2025 Unidentified (the court suspected the citations were 'hallucinations by generative artificial intelligence'; no specific tool named) Warning None May 2026
Nellum v. Credit Acceptance Corporation S.D. Ind. Nov 2025 Generative artificial intelligence inferred from sur-reply citation pattern; specific tool not identified Warning None Oct 2026
Cojom v. Roblen, LLC D. Conn. Nov 2025 Descrybe.AI Court sanction $500 Apr 2026
Gittemeier v. Liberty Mutual Personal Insurance Company E.D. Mo. Nov 2025 Unspecified generative AI Court sanction $1,000 Apr 2026
Mattson v. Rosebud Electric Cooperative D.S.D. Nov 2025 Implied (court found 'the formatting of the brief, which seemed to suggest the use of generative AI') Other None May 2026
Neal v. Frayer D. Md. Nov 2025 Unspecified generative AI Court sanction Not stated May 2026
Schlichter v. Kennedy Cal. Ct. App. Nov 2025 Unspecified generative AI Court sanction $1,750 May 2026
Lewis v. Eagle County Government D. Colo. Nov 2025 Unspecified (the court found the citations 'bear the hallmarks of generative artificial intelligence'; counsel denied using AI) Court sanction $28,000 total: $3,000 Rule 11 sanction payable to the Court, plus $25,000 in defense attorney's fees under 28 U.S.C. § 1927 (stipulated amount, awarded Dec. 16, 2025), both joint and several against counsel and her firm Sep 2026
Montoya Cabanas v. Bondi S.D. Tex. Nov 2025 Unspecified generative AI Warning None Oct 2026
Matter of Matos N.Y. App. Div. 1st Dep't Nov 2025 Unspecified generative AI Bar discipline Not stated May 2026
Richard LaRoche v. Darla Sterett (LaRoche) Vt. Nov 2025 Unspecified generative AI (described in the order as an "AI helper") Court sanction Not stated Apr 2026
Master Textile Mills, Ltd. v. RSA Global Logistics, LLC E.D. Pa. Nov 2025 Suspected, not found (the court said a miscited local rule "creates suspicion that counsel is relying heavily on generative artificial intelligence and not properly checking the citations it produces"; no tool is named and no AI use is found) Warning None Sep 2026
Bey v. Apple Inc. M.D. Fla. Nov 2025 Unidentified (Apple's reply said Bey "either used artificial intelligence or fabricated case law"; the court noted Bey did not deny it and warned against "[f]urther use of artificial intelligence resulting in hallucinated authority"; no tool is named) Warning None Sep 2026
Shelton v. Parkland Health N.D. Tex. Nov 2025 Unspecified generative AI Court sanction Not stated May 2026
Swincher v. Fay Servicing, LLC W.D. Ky. Nov 2025 Generative AI implied; the order references a fabricated case-law citation characteristic of AI hallucination output Other None May 2026
United States v. Czartorski W.D. Ky. Nov 2025 Unspecified generative AI Court sanction Not stated Apr 2026
David v. George Chiala Farms, Inc. N.D. Cal. Nov 2025 Unspecified generative AI Court sanction Not stated Apr 2026
In the Interest of M. O. W. Tex. App.—Austin Nov 2025 Unspecified generative AI Other None Sep 2026
Parker v. Costco Wholesale Corp. W.D. Wash. Nov 2025 Callidus AI Court sanction $6,200 (approx.) Apr 2026
Rivera-Carrasquillo v. United States D.P.R. Nov 2025 Unidentified (the order says counsel cited caselaw "in a misleading fashion" and quoted a non-existent passage, but does not mention AI or name a tool) Other None Sep 2026
Thomas v. Delaware Technical & Cmty. Coll. D. Del. Nov 2025 Implied (specific tool not identified on the available record) Warning None at this stage (Rule 11 motion for costs and fees denied without prejudice to renew once the merits of the case are resolved) May 2026
Jamison Warfield v. W.N. Morehouse Truck Line, Inc. E.D. Tenn. Nov 2025 Unidentified (the order only recounts the defendant's assertion of incorrect and nonexistent citations; it does not mention AI or name a tool) Other None Sep 2026
Hernandez v. Kunes M.D. Pa. Nov 2025 Examples named in the order: OpenAI ChatGPT and Google Gemini Other None May 2026
In re: Deborah Ann Mitchell Bankr. D. Conn. Nov 2025 Generative artificial intelligence (Debtor admitted at the October 22, 2025 hearing that she used an A.I. program 'for formatting' her filings; ECF No. 36 specifically attests it was prepared with A.I. assistance; tool not specifically identified by name on the record) Other None May 2026
Logan v. LVNV Funding, LLC D. Utah Nov 2025 Generative AI generally; specific tool not named in the order Warning None Oct 2026
Lowrey v. City of Rio Rancho D.N.M. Nov 2025 Generative AI implied; the order references AI tools producing hallucinated citations Warning None Oct 2026
Smart v. The Professional Group E.D. Mich. Nov 2025 Generative AI (specific tool not identified; use inferred from filing patterns matching prior AI-generated ADA notices observed in other cases) Warning None Sep 2026
Borsody v. Frontier Heritage Communities D. Kan. Nov 2025 Unidentified generative AI (the court inferred AI use from a nonexistent case citation; Ms. Borsody did not identify a specific tool) Warning None Oct 2026
Glass v. Foley & Lardner LLP W.D. Wis. Nov 2025 Generative AI implied; the order describes AI tools that "hallucinate" false case citations Warning None Oct 2026
Kheir v. Titan Team LLC, The Money Source Inc., and Auction.com Bankr. S.D. Tex. Nov 2025 ChatGPT Court sanction Not stated Apr 2026
Kluwe v. Huntington Beach Union High School District C.D. Cal. Nov 2025 Unidentified generative AI Court sanction $2,000 (counsel sanction; Rule 11 and inherent power) May 2026
Creech v. City of Raleigh N.C. Ct. App. Nov 2025 Vincent AI (per counsel's sworn statement filed with the Notice of Correction; the court's order and opinion do not mention AI) Court sanction Cost of printing the amended brief taxed to counsel personally (the order states no amount) Sep 2026
Isaacs v. Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation D.N.J. Nov 2025 ChatGPT Court sanction Not stated May 2026
Mezu v. Mezu Md. App. Ct. Nov 2025 ChatGPT, VLex, CourtListener, CaseMine, Justia Other None Oct 2026
Wheat v. Vichie Sup. Ct. N.Y. Cty. Nov 2025 Unidentified (the court noted the fabrications could be 'the result of reliance on AI or otherwise'; no specific tool named) Warning None May 2026
Iowa Supreme Court Attorney Disciplinary Board v. Pazdernik Iowa Oct 2025 ChatGPT Bar discipline Not stated Sep 2026
County of Los Angeles v. Niblett Cal. Ct. App. Oct 2025 Unspecified generative AI Court sanction $5,000 against attorney Robert W. Lucas individually, payable to the clerk of the Second District within 30 days after remittitur; opinion and order sent to the State Bar under Bus. & Prof. Code § 6086.7(a)(3) Sep 2026
Safe Choice, LLC v. City of Cleveland N.D. Ohio Oct 2025 Unspecified generative AI Court sanction $7,500 May 2026
Sauls v. Pierce County W.D. Wash. Oct 2025 Generative AI inferred from the citation pattern; specific tool not identified on the record Warning None Oct 2026
Warner v. Gilbarco, Inc. E.D. Mich. Oct 2025 Generative AI (specific tool not identified; use inferred by the court from misrepresented citations and patterns observed in other recent filings) Warning None Oct 2026
Goldman v. Arizona Board of Regents D. Ariz. Oct 2025 Unspecified generative AI Court sanction Not stated May 2026
Wilson v. KIPP Texas, Inc. N.D. Tex. Oct 2025 ChatGPT Court sanction Not stated Apr 2026
Boston v. Williams (In re Loletha Hale, Esq.) N.D. Ga. Oct 2025 Unspecified generative AI Court sanction Not stated May 2026
Villasenor v. Ralphs Grocery Company Cal. Super. Ct. (L.A. Cnty.) Oct 2025 Unidentified (the ruling says a cited case "does not exist" but does not mention AI or name a tool) Other None Sep 2026
Green Building Initiative, Inc. v. Green Globe International, Inc. D. Or. Oct 2025 Microsoft Copilot Other None Apr 2026
Crowder v. Yussman Ky. Ct. App. Oct 2025 Unspecified generative AI Court sanction Not stated Sep 2026
Crudup v. City of Atlanta N.D. Ga. Oct 2025 Not mentioned (the order concludes that at least four cases cited by the pro se plaintiff "likely do not exist" but does not mention AI) Other None Sep 2026
Appeals of Huffman Construction, LLC ASBCA Oct 2025 Unspecified generative AI Court sanction Not stated Sep 2026
In re: Sanctions Order of Kenney La. App. 5 Cir. Oct 2025 ChatGPT, Microsoft Copilot, and Google Court sanction $1,368 Sep 2026
Alexandria Jones v. District of Columbia Office of Unified Communications D.D.C. Oct 2025 Unspecified generative AI Court sanction Not stated Apr 2026
Mattox v. Product Innovations Research, LLC E.D. Okla. Oct 2025 ChatGPT Court sanction $6,000 in individual fines ($3,000 / $2,000 / $1,000) plus $23,495.90 in joint and several attorney's fees and costs Sep 2026
N-Bar Trade, Inc. v. Amazon.com Services LLC D.D.C. Oct 2025 Unspecified generative AI Warning None Oct 2026
University Mall, LLC v. Okorie S.D. Miss. Oct 2025 Implied (specific tool not identified; court found Okorie uses AI to generate his pleadings) Court sanction Not stated May 2026
Arch Insurance Company v. A3 Development, LLC S.D. Fla. Oct 2025 Unspecified generative AI Court sanction Not stated May 2026
Chastain v. City of Kansas City Mo. Ct. App. W.D. Oct 2025 Google 'AI Overview' search summaries (cited by appellant in lieu of legal authority) Other None May 2026
Rimu Capital Ltd. v. Ader S.D.N.Y. Oct 2025 Unidentified (defense counsel told the court the research was, he was informed, done by another attorney his client had hired, and that AI is something he has "never used and never will use"; the court made no finding about AI) Warning None Sep 2026
Button v. Jimison (Oct. 17, 2025 order) W.D. Wash. Oct 2025 Generative AI inferred from the citation pattern; specific tool not identified on the record Other None May 2026
Mundy v. Clickstop, Inc. Neb. Dist. Ct. (Douglas Cnty.) Oct 2025 Unspecified generative AI (counsel "stated he had utilized generative artificial intelligence (“AI”) in his court filings") Court sanction $2,000 Sep 2026
Tippecanoe County Assessor v. Goergen Ind. Tax Ct. Oct 2025 Generative artificial intelligence inferred from a fictitious case citation; specific tool not identified Warning None Oct 2026
Serafin Tristan v. United States Department of State E.D. Mo. Oct 2025 Generative AI (implied; the court noted citations to nonexistent cases and a citation that resolved to a different and unrelated case, with the Damien Charlotin tracker categorizing the conduct as 'Implied' AI use; specific tool not identified on the record) Warning None Oct 2026
Smith v. Trump D.D.C. Oct 2025 Unspecified generative AI Court sanction Not stated Apr 2026
Manisero v. Bradshaw S.D. Fla. Oct 2025 Not found (the sheriff's reply said several of the plaintiff's case citations were incorrect, "which implies the inappropriate use of Artificial Intelligence"; the court made no finding and addressed its notice "[t]o the extent that Plaintiff is using AI"; no tool is named) Warning None Sep 2026
Puig Valdes v. All3Media America, LLC L.A. Super. Ct. Oct 2025 ChatGPT Other None Oct 2026
Reed v. Community Health Care W.D. Wash. Oct 2025 Generative AI inferred from the citation pattern; specific tool not identified on the record Warning None Sep 2026
Stephanie Tovar v. United Pacific; Everest Premier Insurance Co. California (WCAB) Oct 2025 Unspecified generative AI (suspected; not confirmed in the order) Court sanction Up to $2,500 (Notice of Intention; final sanctions pending response) Apr 2026
Oneto v. Watson N.D. Cal. Oct 2025 Google AI Overview Court sanction $1,000 May 2026
United States v. Glennie Antonio McGee S.D. Ala. Oct 2025 Ghostwriter Legal Court sanction $5,000 Apr 2026
Jakes v. Youngblood W.D. Pa. Oct 2025 Unspecified generative AI Court sanction $5,000 Apr 2026
Support Community, Inc. v. MPH International LLC N.D. Cal. Oct 2025 Unspecified generative AI Court sanction Not stated Apr 2026
Smith v. Athena Construction Group, Inc. D.D.C. Oct 2025 Lexis+ AI (with Grammarly and ProWritingAid also used by counsel) Court sanction Not stated Apr 2026
Tovar v. American Automatic Fire Suppression, Inc. Cal. Super. Ct. (San Diego Cnty.) Oct 2025 Unspecified generative AI Warning None Oct 2026
Basko v. Civic Sherman LLC N.Y. Sup. Ct. Oct 2025 Unidentified (the decision says the reply papers contain "what appears to be a fictitious citation" and quotes Mata v. Avianca on "fake opinions," but does not mention AI or name a tool) Pending None yet; the parties were directed to appear on October 1, 2025 for a hearing on "appropriate costs and/or sanctions" under 22 NYCRR 130-1.1 Sep 2026
Lafontant v. Coolidge-CLK St. Germane, LLC E.D. La. Oct 2025 Unspecified generative AI Court sanction $1,000 Apr 2026
People v. Alvarez Cal. Ct. App. Oct 2025 Unspecified generative AI Court sanction $1,500 Apr 2026
Ader v. Ader N.Y. Sup. Ct. (N.Y. Cnty.) Oct 2025 not named in order Court sanction Not stated May 2026
In the Interest of R.A. Iowa Ct. App. Oct 2025 Unspecified generative AI Court sanction $150 May 2026
In re Estate of Kuerschner (Kuerschner v. Kuerschner) Ariz. Ct. App. Sep 2025 Unidentified (the decision says a cited case appears not to exist but does not mention AI) Other None for the citation errors; the court declined to find waiver and reached the merits. Appellate fees and costs were awarded to the estate under A.R.S. 14-1105 for her continued pursuit of meritless claims, not for the citations Sep 2026
Kertesz v. Colony Tire Corp. et al. D.N.J. Sep 2025 Unspecified generative AI Court sanction Not stated May 2026
Khoury et al. v. Intermountain Health Care, Inc. D. Utah Sep 2025 ChatGPT Other None May 2026
Tomlin v. State of New Mexico D.N.M. Sep 2025 ChatGPT or similar generative AI; the order names ChatGPT explicitly as a possible source Warning None Oct 2026
Iowa Sup. Ct. Att'y Disciplinary Bd. v. Turner (reinstatement) Iowa Sup. Ct. Sep 2025 Unidentified (the Board's motion to strike describes "what appears to be at least one AI-generated citation"; no tool is named, and the docket comments on the court's orders do not mention AI; the order texts are not public) Other None Sep 2026
Lofton v. Bolin Grove Farms, LLC Cir. Ct. DeSoto Cty., Miss. Sep 2025 An AI research tool the attorney associated with Fastcase (the order records her citing "FastCase, a paid service rendered by the Mississippi Bar," as a source of the citations; she also cited general internet research) Court sanction $7,472 in attorneys' fees and costs to Briggs Equipment, Inc., payable by counsel personally (a separate $37,584.91 fee award in the same order was for discovery abuse) Sep 2026
Pennantia, LLC v. Rose Cay Maritime, LLC S.D.N.Y. Sep 2025 Unspecified generative AI Other None Oct 2026
Evans v. Robertson E.D. Mich. Sep 2025 Presumed, tool not identified (the magistrate judge describes the factitious citations as "presumably a product of using artificial intelligence (AI) software") Warning None Sep 2026
Eric Andrew Perez v. Dr. Neil C. Evans S.D.N.Y. Sep 2025 ChatGPT Court sanction Not stated May 2026
Shaporov v. PIPPD P.O. Matthew Levine D.N.J. Sep 2025 Unspecified generative AI Court sanction Not stated Apr 2026
Kenisha Black v. Mississippi Department of Rehabilitation Services & Howard S.D. Miss. Sep 2025 Not identified (counsel "admits that her opening memorandum and reply brief both contained false AI-generated content") Other None Sep 2026
Lipe v. Albuquerque Public Schools D.N.M. Sep 2025 Unspecified generative AI Court sanction $3,000 Apr 2026
Stern v. Molina (In re Molina) E.D.N.Y. Bankr. Sep 2025 Implied (court could not locate cited cases; AI hallucination suspected) Court sanction Not stated Oct 2026
Vision Management Group, LLC v. Constant Aviation, LLC N.D. Ohio Sep 2025 Unspecified generative AI Warning None Oct 2026
Ali v. IT People Corporation, Inc. E.D. Mich. Sep 2025 Generative AI (specific tool not identified on the record; Plaintiff admitted excessive reliance on AI-generated documents) Court sanction $600 May 2026
Bryant v. Pottsgrove School District E.D. Pa. Sep 2025 OpenAI ChatGPT (named in the opinion) Other None Oct 2026
Cingel v. Ferreri Ind. Ct. App. Sep 2025 Generative artificial intelligence inferred from citation pattern; specific tool not identified Other None May 2026
Gibralter, LLC v. DMS Flowers, LLC E.D. Cal. Sep 2025 Unspecified generative AI Warning None Oct 2026
United States v. Malik D. Md. Sep 2025 Generative AI implied; the order references a fabricated legal-norm citation characteristic of AI hallucination output Warning None Oct 2026
OTG New York, Inc. v. Ottogi America, Inc. D.N.J. Sep 2025 Unspecified generative AI Court sanction $3,000 May 2026
Pelishek v. City of Sheboygan E.D. Wis. Sep 2025 Westlaw Quick Check Court sanction $4,500 Apr 2026
Jeramiah Brown v. Fat Dough Incorporated, d/b/a Domino's Pizza N.D.N.Y. Sep 2025 ChatGPT Court sanction Not stated May 2026
Latasha Hill v. Auto Club Family Insurance Company S.D. Miss. Sep 2025 Unidentified (the court was 'concerned' the citations were generative-AI output; no tool named) Warning None May 2026
Facey v. Fisher N.Y. Sup. Ct. Sep 2025 not named (court directed counsel to file affirmation disclosing AI/chatbot use) Court sanction Not stated May 2026
Yi-Sheng Fang, et al. v. Hechalou US LLC, et al. C.D. Cal. Sep 2025 Unspecified generative AI Court sanction $2,418.50 May 2026
Noland v. Land of the Free, L.P. Cal. Ct. App. Sep 2025 ChatGPT, Claude, Gemini, and Grok (counsel admitted the fabrications resulted from his reliance on "generative AI sources such as ChatGPT, Claude, Gemini, and Grok") Court sanction $10,000 payable to the clerk of the Court of Appeal; opinion forwarded to the State Bar under Bus. & Prof. Code § 6086.7(a)(3); counsel to serve the opinion on his client and certify service Sep 2026
Mid-America Apartment Communities, Inc. v. Philipson W.D. Tenn. Sep 2025 Suspected generative AI, tool not named (the court "suspects" the citation and quote were "likely created by a generative artificial intelligence tool," noting Philipson had said at earlier status conferences that he uses AI to generate his filings' content) Warning None Sep 2026
United States v. Brewer M.D. Fla. Sep 2025 Unspecified generative AI Court sanction Not stated May 2026
Robinson v. Oglala Sioux Tribe W.D. Okla. Sep 2025 Generative AI (specific tool not identified on the record; Plaintiff's filings repeatedly contained non-existent and misrepresented legal authority) Court sanction Dismissal with prejudice May 2026
Tercero v. Sacramento Logistics, LLC E.D. Cal. Sep 2025 Unspecified generative AI Court sanction $1,500 Apr 2026
Brooks v. Patel Minn. Dist. Ct. (Hennepin Cnty.) Sep 2025 VLex Fastcase (per the order, counsel admitted in writing that he "failed to properly confirm the accuracy of the Hallock [sic] citation through VLex Fastcase," which the court describes as "the AI research tool he used in drafting his motion") Court sanction $5,000 penalty on the attorney, not his client, under Minn. R. Civ. P. 11.03 and Minn. Stat. § 549.211, subd. 5; summary judgment briefing struck; summary judgment motion denied; referral to the Lawyers Professional Responsibility Board Sep 2026
CommNV, LLC v. Uprise, LLC Nev. 2d Jud. Dist. Ct. (Washoe County) Sep 2025 ChatGPT Court sanction $5,000 Apr 2026
Hill v. Workday, Inc. N.D. Cal. Sep 2025 CoCounsel Court sanction Not stated Apr 2026
Thompson v. Commissioner of Social Security Administration D. Ariz. Sep 2025 Unidentified (the order does not find AI use in this case; it notes that counsel was sanctioned in a separate case for a brief with deficiencies "including those consistent with artificial intelligence generated hallucinations") Other None Sep 2026
In re Whitehall Pharmacy LLC Bankr. E.D. Ark. Sep 2025 Unspecified generative AI Court sanction Not stated Apr 2026
Lewis v. Entergy Mississippi, LLC S.D. Miss. Sep 2025 Unspecified generative AI Court sanction Not stated Apr 2026
Davis v. Marion County Superior Court Juvenile Detention Center S.D. Ind. Sep 2025 Unspecified generative AI Court sanction $7,500 May 2026
Clerk of the Court and Comptroller for the 13th Judicial Circuit, Hillsborough County, Florida v. Rangel Fla. 2d DCA Aug 2025 Unspecified generative AI Court sanction Not stated Oct 2026
Allbaugh v. University of Scranton M.D. Pa. Aug 2025 Not named in the August 28 sanction order; the court's underlying standing civil practice order on generative AI references ChatGPT and Bard as examples Court sanction $1,000 May 2026
Lee v. R&R Home Care, Inc. E.D. La. Aug 2025 Google Gemini Court sanction $1,000 Apr 2026
Multiphone Latin America Inc. v. Millicom International Cellular S.A. S.D. Fla. Aug 2025 Unspecified generative AI Other None Oct 2026
Robert Thackston v. Daniel P. Driscoll, Secretary of the Army W.D. Tex. Aug 2025 Unidentified generative AI (the magistrate judge inferred from the citations that counsel "likely used generative artificial intelligence . . . to assist in his research," and from repeated phrasing that he "may have utilized GenAI to write some or all of his brief"; no tool is named) Other None imposed; the Report and Recommendation asks the District Court to consider Rule 11(c) sanctions Sep 2026
In re Richburg Bankr. D.S.C. Aug 2025 Microsoft Copilot Court sanction Not stated Apr 2026
Antonia Meza Roman v. County of Los Angeles Cal. Super. Ct. (L.A. Cnty.) Aug 2025 Unidentified (the minute order says two cited cases do not exist and that others do not stand for the cited propositions, but it does not mention AI or name a tool) Warning None Sep 2026
Betancourt Gómez v. Colegio de Profesionales de la Enfermería de Puerto Rico P.R. T.P.I. (San Juan) Aug 2025 Not identified (counsel did not expressly admit using AI; the court found the errors consistent with unreviewed output of technological tools) Court sanction $1,000 Sep 2026
Chenco Engineering & Consulting GmbH v. Do-Fluoride New Materials Co. Ltd. D. Idaho Aug 2025 Unspecified generative AI Warning None Oct 2026
In re R.L. Ill. App. 4th Dist. Aug 2025 Not found by the court (the order makes no finding about AI; AI appears only in the title of a news article it cites) Other None Sep 2026
Lahti v. Consensys Software Inc. S.D. Ohio Aug 2025 Unidentified generative AI (the court found fictitious citations with 'the hallmarks of text generated by a large language model'; no specific tool named) Warning None May 2026
Williams v. Kirch Ind. Ct. App. Aug 2025 Generative artificial intelligence inferred from fictitious case citations; specific tool not identified Warning None Oct 2026
Xu v. Nasser (In re Nasser) Bankr. E.D. Mich. Aug 2025 Unspecified generative AI (suspected; not confirmed by counsel) Court sanction Not stated Apr 2026
Monster Energy Co. v. Owoc S.D. Fla. Aug 2025 Generative AI (Owoc acknowledged at the Show Cause hearing that AI generated the fake citations; specific tool not named) Court sanction Non-monetary: 10 hours community service within 20 days of the order; prospective AI disclosure and certification requirement for all future filings in this matter; no monetary sanction May 2026
Nora v. M & A Transport, Inc. E.D. La. Aug 2025 Westlaw Precision (AI-assisted research) Court sanction $1,000 Apr 2026
Chavez-DeRemer v. NAB, LLC D. Nev. Aug 2025 Generative AI (court referenced ChatGPT and similar tools as exemplars) Warning None Oct 2026
Hall v. The Academy Charter School E.D.N.Y. Aug 2025 Unspecified generative AI Court sanction Not stated May 2026
In re S.M., a Minor Ill. App. Ct. (4th Dist.) Aug 2025 Not mentioned in the order Court sanction $1,000 Sep 2026
Pineda v. Campos Ariz. Ct. App. Aug 2025 Unidentified (the decision finds fabricated quotations and citations whose reporter pages point to unrelated opinions, but does not mention AI or name a tool) Court sanction Not stated Sep 2026
Gezalayan v. BMW North American, LLC Cal. Super. Ct. (L.A. Cnty.) Aug 2025 Unidentified (the minute order calls the citation a "non-existent case" but does not mention AI or name a tool) Warning None Sep 2026
In re A.S. Ill. App. (4th) Aug 2025 AI use inferred, not admitted (the court found AI use "a reasonable conclusion based upon our review of the briefing, the response to the rule to show cause, and Attorney Panichi's past conduct"; no tool named) Court sanction $1,000 monetary sanction payable to the clerk of the Fourth District Appellate Court Sep 2026
Hunter Tellez v. Proiettii E.D. Cal. Aug 2025 Implied (court found fabricated and misrepresented case law; specific tool not identified) Court sanction Not stated May 2026
Advani v. Appellate Term, 2nd Judicial Department S.D.N.Y. Aug 2025 Implied (court suspected AI-generated fabrications; specific tool not identified) Court sanction Not stated May 2026
J.D. v. Superior Court Cal. Ct. App. Jul 2025 Unidentified (the opinion flags a statutory quotation it could not verify but does not mention AI or name a tool) Warning None Sep 2026
Mitra Mirage v. Costco Wholesale Corporation C.D. Cal. Jul 2025 Unidentified (the order says "[t]o the extent that Plaintiff has relied on artificial intelligence," Plaintiff did not comply with the judge's AI disclosure standing order; it does not find that AI was used or name a tool) Warning None Sep 2026
Coronavirus Reporter Corporation v. Apple Inc. N.D. Cal. Jul 2025 ChatGPT Court sanction Not stated May 2026
Axis Dynamics, Inc. v. Knox County, Tennessee E.D. Tenn. Jul 2025 Unidentified (the court said it "cannot say whether this is the product of a lack of diligence, an irresponsible use of generative artificial intelligence, or an intentional attempt to mislead the Court"; no tool is named) Warning None Sep 2026
Idehen v. Stoute-Phillip N.Y. Civ. Ct., Queens Cty. Jul 2025 Microsoft Copilot Court sanction $1,000 May 2026
Robbins v. Martin Law Firm, P.L. M.D. Fla. Jul 2025 Unspecified generative AI Warning None Oct 2026
Seither & Cherry Quad Cities, Inc. v. Oakland Automation, LLC and AP Electric, Inc. v. Oakland Automation, LLC (consolidated) E.D. Mich. Jul 2025 Generative AI / Large language models (court characterized the citations as 'false citations generated by so-called artificial intelligence (AI)'; specific tool not named on the record) Court sanction $1,485 to defense counsel May 2026
Pop Top Corp. v. Rakuten Kobo Inc. N.D. Cal. Jul 2025 ChatGPT (implied) Warning None Oct 2026
Elizondo v. City of Laredo S.D. Tex. Jul 2025 Unspecified generative AI Court sanction $2,500 Apr 2026
In re CorMedix Inc. Securities Litigation D.N.J. Jul 2025 ChatGPT, used by a law-school intern (temporary assistant) in chambers without authorization or disclosure, per Judge Neals's October 20, 2025 letter to Senator Grassley Other None May 2026
Johnson v. Dunn N.D. Ala. Jul 2025 ChatGPT Court sanction Not stated May 2026
Vita Law Offices, P.C. v. Lockridge Grindal Nauen P.L.L.P. D. Mass. Jul 2025 Microsoft Copilot Court sanction Not stated Apr 2026
In re Baby Boy and A.H., Minors Ill. App. Ct. (4th Dist.) Jul 2025 Unspecified generative AI Court sanction $7,925.62 May 2026
Rotharmel v. Dauphin County Children & Youth Services M.D. Pa. Jul 2025 Callidus AI Warning None Oct 2026
In re Marla C. Martin Bankr. N.D. Ill. Jul 2025 ChatGPT Court sanction $5,500 Apr 2026
Parrish v. Miller S.D. Ind. Jul 2025 Implied (court did not affirmatively identify AI use; cited cases either egregiously miscited or do not exist) Other None May 2026
Augustin v. Formula 3 Brooklyn Inc. Sup. Ct. Kings Cty. Jul 2025 Unidentified (the court found the defendants used 'artificial intelligence software'; no specific tool named) Warning None May 2026
ByoPlanet International, LLC v. Johansson S.D. Fla. Jul 2025 ChatGPT Court sanction $85,567.75 Sep 2026
Jackson v. Auto-Owners Insurance Company M.D. Ga. Jul 2025 Unspecified generative AI Court sanction $1,000 Apr 2026
Crespo v. Tesla, Inc. S.D. Fla. Jul 2025 Generative AI (plaintiff used AI to generate discovery motions per the docketed Order to Show Cause; specific tool not named on the docket text we have) Court sanction Not stated May 2026
Kessler v. City of Atwater E.D. Cal. Jul 2025 Unspecified generative AI Court sanction Not stated May 2026
Student Doe v. Noem D.D.C. Jul 2025 ChatGPT (counsel's response to the show-cause order states that she "used ChatGPT to assist with initial research and the framing of the issues presented"; the court's July 10, 2025 minute order admonishes counsel "about her use of AI technology") Warning None Sep 2026
Kaur v. Desso N.D.N.Y. Jul 2025 Claude Sonnet 4 Court sanction $1,000 Apr 2026
Coomer v. Lindell D. Colo. Jul 2025 Microsoft Copilot, Westlaw AI, Google Gemini, Grok, Claude, ChatGPT, Perplexity Court sanction $6,000 Apr 2026
Gamble v. Gamble (R&G caption: Smith v. Gamble) Ohio Ct. App. (12th Dist.) Jul 2025 Unidentified generative AI (the court referenced a federal case involving 'a brief generated by artificial intelligence' as comparable; the appellee's specific tool was not identified on the record) Court sanction Not stated May 2026
Tijerino v. Spotify USA Inc. E.D. La. Jul 2025 Unidentified live AI assistant (the order describes an 'artificial intelligence program' Mr. Tijerino used to respond during a meet-and-confer; the specific tool is not named) Other None May 2026
Sharita Hill v. State of Oklahoma ex rel. Oklahoma Medical Marijuana Authority W.D. Okla. Jul 2025 Implied (not disclosed by counsel) Warning None (admonishment only) Oct 2026
Tyrone Walker v. Juliane Pierre Mass. App. Ct. Jul 2025 Unidentified (the decision says only that the struck portions of the brief "included citations to nonexistent cases"; it does not mention AI or name a tool) Other None Sep 2026
Shahid v. Esaam Ga. Ct. App. Jun 2025 AI (unspecified) Court sanction $2,500 May 2026
Twist It Up, Inc. v. Annie International, Inc. C.D. Cal. Jun 2025 Unidentified (the June 27, 2025 minutes refer to "invalid case citations generated by the use of an artificial intelligence application") Court sanction $500 Sep 2026
Dastou v. Holmes Middlesex Sup. Ct. Jun 2025 ChatGPT Court sanction Not stated May 2026
Romero v. Goldman Sachs Bank USA S.D.N.Y. Jun 2025 Implied (court suspected AI-generated citations; specific tool not identified) Court sanction Not stated May 2026
Allen v. Mercedes-Benz USA, LLC E.D. Cal. Jun 2025 Unidentified (the order finds fabricated quotations but does not attribute them to AI or name a tool) Other None Oct 2026
Mintvest Capital, LTD v. NYDIG Trust Company D.P.R. Jun 2025 Claude Court sanction Opposing counsel's fees (amount not yet quantified) May 2026
Taylor v. Cooper Power & Lighting Corp. E.D.N.Y. Jun 2025 Unidentified (the show-cause order could not locate the case and the report and recommendation records counsel's admission that he fabricated it; neither mentions AI or names a tool; counsel called the citation a "placeholder" in a draft) Other None Sep 2026
Rochon-Eidsvig v. JGB Collateral, LLC Tex. App. (5th Dist.) Jun 2025 Unspecified generative AI Court sanction Not stated May 2026
Jon H. v. Lydia M. W. Va. Fam. Ct. (Kanawha County) Jun 2025 Unidentified (counsel reported that her staff used 'artificial intelligence' to draft a motion; no tool is named) Other None Sep 2026
Powhatan County School Board v. Skinger E.D. Va. Jun 2025 ChatGPT Court sanction Not stated May 2026
Flowz Digital LLC v. Dalal C.D. Cal. May 2025 Unspecified generative AI Court sanction $3,500 Oct 2026
Roark v. American Airlines Group, Inc. D. Conn. May 2025 Generative artificial intelligence (Court found 'misstatements throughout the filing are likely the product of generative artificial intelligence'; specific tool not identified by name on the record) Warning None Oct 2026
Woodmen of the World Life Insurance Society v. Hale W.D. Tex. May 2025 Generative AI (tool not specified by court; pro se defendant's filing relied on what the court characterized as an 'artificial intelligence (AI) tool') Other None May 2026
Delano Crossing 2016, LLC v. County of Wright Minn. Tax Ct. May 2025 Unspecified generative AI Other None Sep 2026
Mid Central Operating Engineers Health and Welfare Fund v. HoosierVac LLC S.D. Ind. May 2025 Generative AI (counsel admitted relying on "programs utilizing generative artificial intelligence" to draft the briefs; no product named) Court sanction $6,000 Sep 2026
Concord Music Group, Inc. v. Anthropic PBC N.D. Cal. May 2025 Claude.ai Court sanction Not stated Apr 2026
Dupont v. Town of Wales Mass. Super. Ct. May 2025 Unidentified (the decision says only that the court "was unable to find" a cited case and that "[t]he citation is incorrect, or the case does not exist"; it does not mention AI or name a tool) Other None Sep 2026
Garner v. Kadince Utah Ct. App. May 2025 ChatGPT Court sanction Attorney fees + client fee refund + $1,000 to access-to-justice nonprofit Sep 2026
Versant Funding LLC v. Teras Breakbulk Ocean Navigation Enterprises LLC S.D. Fla. May 2025 Unspecified generative AI Court sanction $1,500 Apr 2026
Volker v. Nygaard N.D. Dist. Ct. May 2025 Unidentified (the North Dakota Supreme Court describes the citations as AI-generated but names no tool) Court sanction Not stated Oct 2026
Gjovik v. Apple Inc. N.D. Cal. May 2025 Unidentified generative AI Court sanction Not stated May 2026
Benshoof v. Chin W.D. Wash. May 2025 Generative AI inferred from the citation pattern; specific tool not identified on the record Warning None Oct 2026
Keaau Development Partnership LLC v. Lawrence Haw. Ct. App. May 2025 Unspecified generative AI Court sanction $100 May 2026
United States v. Burke M.D. Fla. May 2025 Westlaw (including AI features and Quick Check) and ChatGPT Pro (GPT-4.5) Deep Research Court sanction Not stated Apr 2026
Ramirez v. Humala E.D.N.Y. May 2025 Unspecified generative AI Court sanction $1,000 Apr 2026
Newbern v. DeSoto County School District N.D. Miss. May 2025 Generative AI implied; the order references fabricated case-law citations characteristic of AI hallucination output Court sanction Not stated May 2026
In re Daniel M. Risis Bankr. D.N.J. May 2025 'Kasper' (a self-built AI assistant created by the debtor) Other None monetary (16 AI-signed submissions struck and denied without prejudice; AI agent representation denied; motion to integrate AI agent with PACER denied) May 2026
Lacey v. State Farm General Insurance Co. C.D. Cal. May 2025 CoCounsel, Westlaw Precision, and Google Gemini (multi-tool workflow) Court sanction $31,100 May 2026
Wilt v. Department of the Navy E.D. Tex. May 2025 Suspected (the court said the two cases "appear to have been generated by artificial intelligence"; no tool identified and no admission) Warning None Sep 2026
Benjamin v. Costco Wholesale Corp. E.D.N.Y. Apr 2025 ChatOn Court sanction $1,000 May 2026
Truong v. Flint Hills Resources, LLC S.D. Tex. Apr 2025 Unspecified generative AI Court sanction Not stated May 2026
Bevins v. Colgate-Palmolive Co. E.D. Pa. Apr 2025 Unspecified generative AI Court sanction Not stated Apr 2026
Puerto Rico Soccer League NFP, Corp. v. Federacion Puertorriquena de Futbol D.P.R. Apr 2025 Unspecified generative AI Court sanction $24,492.10 in defendants' attorneys' fees and costs for responding to the four defective filings (amount set Sept. 23, 2025, ECF 283) Sep 2026
Aponte v. Portfolio Recovery Associates, LLC E.D. Ark. Apr 2025 Generative AI implied; the show-cause order addressed defective citations characteristic of AI hallucination output Other None May 2026
Gordon v. Wells Fargo Bank N.A. Inc. M.D. Ga. Apr 2025 Unspecified generative AI Warning None (Rule 11 warning; sanctions reserved for any future failure to comply with Rule 11 obligations, with the Court noting Plaintiff 'may incur a substantial penalty' including attorney's-fees award, monetary penalty to the Court, or dismissal of the lawsuit) May 2026
Daniel Jaiyong An v. Archblock, Inc. Del. Ch. Apr 2025 Suspected generative AI, tool not identified (the letter opinion says "I suspect that the petitioner used generative artificial intelligence"; the accompanying Order says the false citations were "presumably due to his use of generative artificial intelligence") Warning None Sep 2026
Dehghani v. Castro D.N.M. Apr 2025 Unspecified generative AI Court sanction $1,500 Apr 2026
Boggess v. Chamness E.D. Tex. Apr 2025 Suspected (the court said the citation "was likely generated via artificial intelligence"; no tool identified and no admission) Warning None Sep 2026
Enzor / Bennington DUI matter (Vt.) Vt. Super. Ct. Apr 2025 AI (unspecified generative tool) Other None May 2026
Dutt v. DGK Roofing and Home, L.L.C. Ohio Ct. Com. Pl. (Preble Cnty.) Mar 2025 Unidentified in the court's entries (the entry finds "This citation does not exist" and does not mention AI; in a later disciplinary proceeding, counsel's answer admits he used AI to help write the motion and told the judge so in chambers after the damages hearing) Other None Sep 2026
Mi Hui Chon Salyer v. Clinton Salyer Ky. Ct. App. Mar 2025 Unidentified (the court says it issued a show-cause order "suspecting that artificial intelligence was used to obtain case citations that do not exist"; the opinion names no tool and makes no finding that AI was used) Warning None Sep 2026
Kruglyak v. Home Depot U.S.A., Inc. W.D. Va. Mar 2025 ChatGPT and Gemini (Kruglyak acknowledged using free generative-AI tools to conduct legal research) Warning None Oct 2026
Pettit v. Allina Health System D. Minn. Mar 2025 Unidentified (the orders find that a cited state probate decision does not say what counsel represented and do not attribute the error to AI or name a tool; the only mention of AI is the court's quotation of plaintiff's argument that motions to compel are templated "[w]ith the advent of word processing and even [artificial intelligence] and brief banks") Court sanction $10,000 under Rule 11, jointly and severally against attorney Richard Hechter and Morris Law Group, P.A., and dismissal of the case with prejudice Sep 2026
Loyer v. Wayne County, Michigan E.D. Mich. Mar 2025 Unspecified generative AI Court sanction Not stated May 2026
Stevens v. BJC Health System Mo. Ct. App. E.D. Mar 2025 AI (inferred by the court; not acknowledged by the appellant) Other None May 2026
Norman v. Beaumont Independent School District E.D. Tex. Mar 2025 Generative AI (tool not specified by court; sanctioned attorney completed two AI ethics CLE courses in response to a prior sanction) Court sanction $2,000.00 monetary penalty plus mandatory CLE May 2026
Mark Lillard v. Offit Kurman, P.A. Del. Super. Ct. Mar 2025 Unidentified (the plaintiff acknowledged using generative AI to prepare his filing; no specific tool or platform named) Other None May 2026
Nguyen v. Savage Enterprises E.D. Ark. Mar 2025 Unspecified generative AI Court sanction $1,000 May 2026
Merz v. City of Kalama W.D. Wash. Feb 2025 Unspecified generative AI (referenced on the record by the litigant as 'Artificial Intelligence') Other None May 2026
Wadsworth v. Walmart Inc. D. Wyo. Feb 2025 MX2.law (Morgan & Morgan in-house AI platform) Court sanction $5,000 total: $3,000 (Ayala) + $1,000 each (Morgan, Goody); Ayala's pro hac vice revoked May 2026
Gonzalez v. Texas Taxpayers and Research Association W.D. Tex. Jan 2025 Lexis Nexis AI Court sanction $3,961 May 2026
Brian M. Stolar 1998 Family Trust v. American General Life Insurance Company D.N.J. Jan 2025 No tool at issue; the order's AI paragraph names ChatGPT only as an example ("any AI Tool (e.g., ChatGPT)") of a tool that may not be used with protected material unless it meets the order's conditions Other None Sep 2026
Fora Financial Asset Securitization 2021, LLC v. Teona Ostrov Public Relations, LLC Sup. Ct. N.Y. Cty. Jan 2025 Unidentified (the order says only that citations led "to different or non-existent cases" and that a quotation "did not appear in any cases cited"; it does not mention AI or name a tool) Warning None Sep 2026
Arajuo v. Wedelstadt E.D. Wis. Jan 2025 Unspecified generative AI (court referenced ChatGPT as example) Warning None Oct 2026
Strike 3 Holdings, LLC v. Doe C.D. Cal. Jan 2025 Unspecified generative AI Warning None Oct 2026
United States v. Hayes E.D. Cal. Jan 2025 Unspecified generative AI Court sanction $1,500 May 2026
Kohls v. Ellison D. Minn. Jan 2025 AI (via expert declaration from Prof. Jeff Hancock) Other None Sep 2026
Al-Hamim v. Star Hearthstone, LLC Colo. Ct. App. Dec 2024 AI (unspecified) Warning None Oct 2026
Gauthier v. Goodyear Tire & Rubber Co. E.D. Tex. Nov 2024 Claude Court sanction $2,000 May 2026
Kasten Berry Inc. v. Stewart D. Kan. Nov 2024 Unidentified generative AI tool Court sanction Counsel agreed to reimburse opposing party's fees; specific dollar amount not fixed in the November 14, 2024 order Apr 2026
Churchill Funding I LLC v. 732 Indiana, LLC Cal. Super. Ct. (L.A. Cnty.) Oct 2024 Not mentioned in the order Other None Sep 2026
Mortazavi v. Booz Allen Hamilton, Inc. C.D. Cal. Oct 2024 Unspecified generative AI Court sanction $2,500 Apr 2026
Thomas v. Commissioner of Internal Revenue T.C. Oct 2024 Implied (large language model suspected; counsel denied knowing use, but court found Pretrial Memorandum bore the hallmarks of LLM output) Court sanction None (symbolic sanction; Pretrial Memorandum deemed stricken) Apr 2026
In re Asbury Automotive Group, Inc. FTC ALJ Sep 2024 Generative AI generally; the order names ChatGPT, Microsoft Copilot, Harvey.AI, and Google Gemini as examples Other None Sep 2026
United States v. Michel D.D.C. Aug 2024 EyeLevel.AI (generative AI) Other None Apr 2026
Rasmussen v. Rasmussen Cal. Super. Ct. (Sonoma Cnty.) Aug 2024 Unspecified generative AI Court sanction Not stated May 2026
Dukuray v. Experian Information Solutions S.D.N.Y. Jul 2024 Unidentified (defendants suggested ChatGPT or similar; plaintiff did not deny) Court sanction Not stated May 2026
Iovino v. Michael Stapleton Associates, Ltd. W.D. Va. Jul 2024 Anthropic Claude 3 Opus (per counsel's sworn declaration); MSA characterized the errors in its opposition brief as 'ChatGPT run amok' Other None May 2026
Leslie v. IQ Data Int'l N.D. Ga. Jun 2024 Implied (generative AI use inferred from the citation pattern; specific tool not identified on the available record) Court sanction None (case dismissed with prejudice as the sanction) May 2026
Plumbers & Gasfitters Union Local No. 75 Health Fund v. Morris Plumbing, LLC E.D. Wis. Apr 2024 Unidentified (the court wrote that it "suspects" the citation was "an instance of provision of falsified case authority derived from artificial intelligence"; no tool is named and the order records no explanation from counsel) Warning None Sep 2026
Grant v. City of Long Beach 9th Cir. Mar 2024 Unidentified (the opinion finds two cited cases "do not appear to exist" and many others misrepresented, but does not mention AI or name a tool) Court sanction Non-monetary: appellants' opening brief struck in its entirety under Ninth Circuit Rule 28-1 and the appeal dismissed Oct 2026
United States v. Cohen S.D.N.Y. Mar 2024 Google Bard (specifically named; Cohen described it on the record as 'a super-charged search engine') Other None May 2026
In re Thomas Grant Neusom M.D. Fla. Mar 2024 Unspecified (attorney admitted he 'may have used artificial intelligence') Bar discipline Not stated May 2026
Morgan v. Community Against Violence D.N.M. Feb 2024 ChatGPT (referenced in opinion footnote discussing legal-ethics implications of AI-authored motions) Court sanction Not stated May 2026
Kruse v. Karlen Mo. Ct. App. E.D. Feb 2024 AI (unspecified) Court sanction $10,000 Apr 2026
Smith v. Farwell Norfolk Sup. Ct. Feb 2024 Unidentified generative AI system (the court was unable to identify the specific product used; plaintiff's counsel represented he did not know which AI system his associate had used to prepare the oppositions) Court sanction $2,000 payable to the Clerk of Court within 10 days Apr 2026
Park v. Kim 2d Cir. Jan 2024 ChatGPT Court sanction Not stated Oct 2026
Matter of Samuel N.Y. Sur. Ct. Jan 2024 Unidentified (the court addressed an allegation that counsel relied on "a website which contained information created by generative artificial intelligence"; it found five of six cited cases erroneous or nonexistent "[e]ven without definitive proof that AI was used," and names no tool) Court sanction Reply affirmation struck from the record; counsel directed to appear on January 30, 2024 on whether economic sanctions under 22 NYCRR 130-1.1 are warranted (outcome of that appearance not located) Sep 2026
People v. Crabill Colo. OPDJ Nov 2023 ChatGPT Bar discipline 1 year + 1 day suspension; 90 days active Apr 2026
In re Celsius Network LLC Bankr. S.D.N.Y. Nov 2023 Unspecified generative AI Other None May 2026
Thomas v. Pangburn S.D. Ga. Oct 2023 Generative AI inferred from the citation pattern; Plaintiff did not disclose the source. Plaintiff said only that he 'relied on research [he] conducted by [him]self' and 'assumed the citations provided were accurate and reliable' (Doc. 47). Court sanction Not stated May 2026
Frier v. Hingiss E.D. Wis. Sep 2023 Unidentified (the court wrote "[t]o the extent the briefing was prepared using 'artificial intelligence,'" counsel remains responsible for it; the order does not find AI was used or name a tool) Warning None Sep 2026
Ex parte Lee Tex. App.—Waco Jul 2023 Unspecified generative AI Other None May 2026
Mata v. Avianca, Inc. S.D.N.Y. Jun 2023 ChatGPT Court sanction $5,000 May 2026

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