October 18, 2026 (in 16 days): Tenth Circuit: comments close on 2027 rules, incl. proposed Rule 46.5(B)(4) generative-AI review →

Kings Roofing NWFL, LLC v. Fusion Works Construction, LLC

Florida Sixth District Court of Appeal · Fla. 6th DCA · Florida bar guidance

Conduct

Counsel's Initial Brief cited cases the court said appear to be fabricated; the court said it looks drafted with generative AI's assistance without sufficient safeguards.

Consequence

After the appeal was dismissed on stipulation, the court kept jurisdiction, issued a show-cause order, then referred the matter to The Florida Bar and discharged the order.

Lesson

Here a stipulated dismissal did not end the matter: the court retained jurisdiction over counsel's brief and later referred the matter to the Bar while accepting his apology.

Other

Verified September 30, 2026

Citation
Kings Roofing NWFL, LLC v. Fusion Works Constr., LLC, No. 6D2025-1251 (Fla. 6th DCA July 20, 2026) (order discharging order to show cause and referring the matter to The Florida Bar); see id. (Fla. 6th DCA May 22, 2026) (on joint stipulation for dismissal of appeal; order to show cause), cited in the July 20 order as 51 Fla. L. Weekly D1048
Decided
July 20, 2026

Summary

Steven R. McCommon of S.R. McCommon Law PLLC, St. Petersburg, represented appellant Kings Roofing NWFL, LLC in an appeal from the County Court for Lee County against appellee Fusion Works Construction, LLC. After the parties filed a joint stipulation to dismiss the appeal, the Sixth District dismissed it on May 22, 2026 but expressly retained jurisdiction "to pursue any possible sanctions" against McCommon, whose Initial Brief cited "several cases, some of which appear to be fabricated." The court wrote that the brief "looks as if it was drafted with the assistance of generative artificial intelligence without Mr. McCommon having put sufficient safeguards in place to ensure the existence or accuracy of the cases cited therein," citing its earlier Rodriguez v. Rodriguez order as another such filing. As in Rodriguez, it directed him to file, within ten days, copies of every cited case that actually exists with the supporting language highlighted, and to show cause why he should not be sanctioned for a brief "that contains non-existent cases and that cites to cases for inaccurate legal propositions" and why he should not be referred to The Florida Bar.

AI tool:
Unidentified generative AI (the May 22, 2026 opinion says the Initial Brief "looks as if it was drafted with the assistance of generative artificial intelligence"; the July 20, 2026 order describes it as "apparently produced with the assistance of generative artificial intelligence"; no tool named)
Amount or terms:
Non-monetary: matter referred to The Florida Bar "for any action it deems appropriate"; order to show cause discharged; the order does not call the referral a sanction and imposes no fine
This case summary is informational only. Verify the underlying opinion or order against the primary source before relying on it in any filing or client matter.

How did the court address the AI-related conduct?

By order of July 20, 2026, as its text appears on the court's docket, the court noted that McCommon's Response to the Order to Show Cause, filed June 22, 2026, came six days after the extended deadline granted at his request, granted his motion for leave to file an amended response, and accepted the amended response as filed. The court stated that it "acknowledges Attorney McCommon's explanation, accepts his apology, and commends him for the proactive steps he has since taken to rectify his mistakes in this proceeding, including attending a CLE session on AI and implementing a firm-wide policy to verify the accuracy of legal authority on which he may rely." It then referred the matter to The Florida Bar "for any action it deems appropriate," citing Canon 3D.(2) of the Florida Code of Judicial Conduct and Rule Regulating The Florida Bar 3-7.18, and discharged the order to show cause. The order does not call the referral a sanction and imposes no fine. The appeal itself had been dismissed on the parties' stipulation, and the pending appellate fee motions were denied as moot by separate docket order on May 22, 2026.

Why does Kings Roofing NWFL, LLC v. Fusion Works Construction, LLC matter for law firms using AI?

Kings Roofing shows the Sixth District keeping hold of a brief-quality problem after the appeal itself was gone. The parties stipulated to dismissal, and the court dismissed the appeal, but in the same opinion it “expressly retain[ed] jurisdiction to pursue any possible sanctions” against appellant’s counsel. Its description of the problem was hedged: the Initial Brief cited “several cases, some of which appear to be fabricated,” and “looks as if it was drafted with the assistance of generative artificial intelligence without Mr. McCommon having put sufficient safeguards in place to ensure the existence or accuracy of the cases cited therein.” The court noted that this was “unfortunately not the first time our Court has encountered a filing with citations to cases that do not exist or to cases that are cited for inaccurate legal propositions,” citing its April 2026 Rodriguez v. Rodriguez order.

The remedy the court chose in the show-cause order is practical: counsel had to produce copies “of each and every case cited in the Initial Brief that actually exists, with highlighted quotations or language that support the assertions made in the Initial Brief,” within ten days, alongside a show-cause response on sanctions and Bar referral. That device puts the verification burden back on the filer in a form the court can check quickly.

The July 20, 2026 disposition is notable for its combination of leniency and referral. The court acknowledged counsel’s explanation, accepted his apology, and commended the CLE and firm-wide verification policy he adopted afterward, but it still referred the matter to The Florida Bar “for any action it deems appropriate” before discharging the show-cause order. Firms documenting compliance may wish to consider that, in this court, remediation after the fact was credited but did not stop a referral to the Bar.

Implications for your firm

Operational steps a firm reading this case may wish to consider documenting. Strategic and rule-application calls belong to your firm's attorneys.

  • Verify cited authority before the brief is filed, not after a settlement. Here the parties' joint stipulation ended the appeal, but the court expressly retained jurisdiction to pursue sanctions over the Initial Brief.
  • Document remedial steps after an AI citation problem. The court commended counsel for attending a CLE session on AI and implementing a firm-wide policy to verify legal authority, and still referred the matter to The Florida Bar.
  • Review show-cause deadlines closely. The court's order noted that counsel's response was filed six days after the extended deadline he had requested.
  • Consider that this court may ask for copies of every cited case with the supporting language highlighted, as it did here and, by its own account, in Rodriguez v. Rodriguez.

Sources

Primary sources

Unverified claims:
  • The July 20, 2026 order is quoted from its text as entered on the Sixth District's ACIS docket; the order's PDF was not retrieved, and the docket text does not show the judges who entered it.
  • The content of McCommon's response and amended response (including his explanation of how the brief was prepared) is not in the record retrieved; the court's order does not describe it beyond acknowledging the explanation.
  • Which cited cases were non-existent is not stated in either order.