Tlingit Haida Tribal Business Corporation v. OnePromom, LLC
U.S. District Court, District of Colorado · D. Colo. · Colorado bar guidance
Conduct
Here defense counsel certified she used Eve Legal to draft a motion and manually reviewed all authority, but the motion attributed to Seale v. Peacock a quote no case contains.
Consequence
Order to show cause why counsel should not be sanctioned under Rule 11 and/or "inherent authority under 28 U.S.C. § 1927" (as printed); no ruling on it located as of September 30, 2026.
Lesson
Here the court treated a certification of manual review as aggravating: it called a wrong quotation after that certification "a misrepresentation to the Court--and a troubling one."
Verified September 30, 2026
- Citation
- Tlingit Haida Tribal Bus. Corp. v. OnePromom, LLC, No. 1:25-cv-03285-NYW-MDB, Order on Motion to Dismiss (D. Colo. June 9, 2026) (Wang, J.), ECF No. 49
- Filing date
- June 9, 2026
Summary
Tlingit Haida Tribal Business Corporation sued a former employee, Rhianna Combs, and her company, OnePromom, LLC d/b/a Combs Consulting LLC, over alleged misuse of its confidential information. Defendants moved to dismiss several claims, including the civil theft claim, relying on the Tenth Circuit's decision in Seale v. Peacock, 32 F.4th 1011 (10th Cir. 2022). Under the heading "Defendant's Erroneous Citation," Judge Nina Y. Wang found that the motion attributed to Seale a quotation that "does not appear in Seale or any other case" and that, read as a per se rule, "overstates the holding in Seale." The motion carried an AI certification from defense counsel stating that "generative artificial intelligence--specifically, Eve Legal--was used to draft this filing" and that "[a]ll cited authority was manually reviewed by counsel of record." The court acknowledged that the quotation "is not substantially different from the actual language contained in Seale," but held that the incorrect attribution "is nevertheless a misrepresentation to the Court--and a troubling one, in light of counsel's acknowledgement that she used generative artificial intelligence in her preparation of the brief and her certification that she 'manually reviewed' all cited authority."
- AI tool:
- Eve Legal (named in defense counsel's own AI certification in the motion, as quoted by the court: "generative artificial intelligence--specifically, Eve Legal--was used to draft this filing"; the court does not find that the tool produced the misattributed quotation)
- Amount or terms:
- None imposed in this order; order to show cause, response due June 23, 2026, why defense counsel Marianna McLean should not be sanctioned under Rule 11 and/or "the Court's inherent authority under 28 U.S.C. § 1927" (as printed)
What is the current procedural posture?
The court granted the partial motion to dismiss in part and denied it in part, dismissing Claims One and Seven without prejudice and keeping the civil theft claim. It ordered that, no later than June 23, 2026, "Marianna McLean SHALL SHOW CAUSE, in writing, (1) why the inclusion of an inaccurate quotation in the Motion to Dismiss does not amount to a violation of Rule 11(b) of the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure, and (2) why she should not be sanctioned under Rule 11 and/or the Court's inherent authority under 28 U.S.C. § 1927." No sanction was imposed in this order. The order pairs "inherent authority" with a statutory citation, 28 U.S.C. § 1927; the entry quotes it as printed. As of 2026-09-30 no ruling on the show-cause order has been located: GovInfo holds only this order, and later docket entries through August 2026 (minute orders, memoranda, and ECF Nos. 55 through 71) could not be read, so whether the show-cause was resolved is unknown.
Why does Tlingit Haida Tribal Business Corporation v. OnePromom, LLC matter for law firms using AI?
Tlingit Haida Tribal Business Corporation v. OnePromom is a show-cause order over a single quotation, and its focus is the attorney’s certification rather than the tool. Defense counsel disclosed in the motion itself that “generative artificial intelligence—specifically, Eve Legal—was used to draft this filing,” that the clients consented, and that “[a]ll cited authority was manually reviewed by counsel of record.” The motion then attributed to Seale v. Peacock a sentence that, in Judge Wang’s words, “does not appear in Seale or any other case” and that “overstates the holding in Seale by suggesting the existence of a per se rule.”
The court was candid that the substantive gap was small: the quotation “is not substantially different from the actual language contained in Seale.” It nonetheless treated the misattribution as “a misrepresentation to the Court—and a troubling one,” tying its concern to the certification: “This Court is concerned that counsel attributed an inaccurate quotation to Seale despite certifying that she ‘manually reviewed’ all cited authority.” It cited the Tenth Circuit’s statement in Amarsingh v. Frontier Airlines that attorneys have a “fundamental duty” to ensure they are “accurately quoting from the cited authorities,” and Park v. Kim on the Rule 11 duty to read and confirm the authorities relied on.
The order directs Marianna McLean to show cause in writing why the inaccurate quotation is not a Rule 11(b) violation and why she should not be sanctioned; its outcome could not be confirmed from the public record as of September 30, 2026. Firms documenting compliance may wish to consider that an AI-use certification can raise the stakes of an ordinary citation error: a statement that every authority was manually reviewed becomes a representation the court can measure the brief against.
Implications for your firm
Operational steps a firm reading this case may wish to consider documenting. Strategic and rule-application calls belong to your firm's attorneys.
- Verify quotations word for word against the source before signing an AI-use certification. Here the court found the misattributed quote troubling in light of counsel's acknowledged AI use and her certification that she manually reviewed all cited authority.
- Review close paraphrases presented as quotations. The court acknowledged the language was not substantially different from Seale's actual text and still called the attribution a misrepresentation that warranted a show-cause order.
- Document what a disclosure certification covers. Here the certification named the tool, stated client consent, and asserted manual review; the court held counsel to the review statement.
Sources
Primary sources
- Resolution of the show-cause order: not located. RECAP searches of the docket (2026-09-30) for 'show cause', 'McLean' and 'sanction' return only ECF No. 49; later entries (the June 24 and July 17 and August 11, 2026 minute orders, the July 1 and July 20, 2026 memoranda, and ECF Nos. 55 through 71, including an August 25, 2026 entry labeled 'Dismiss', which is CourtListener's tag for a motion to dismiss) could not be read, and docket entries 50 through 54 are not listed. The pending flag reflects the June 9 order; the show-cause may have been resolved in an entry that could not be read.
- Whether Eve Legal produced the misattributed quotation: the order quotes counsel's certification that the tool was used to draft the filing, but makes no finding about the quotation's source.