Euphoric, LLC v. Westport Community Improvement District
U.S. District Court, Western District of Missouri, Western Division · W.D. Mo. · Missouri bar guidance
Conduct
Plaintiffs' briefs repeatedly miscited and misdescribed cases; a proposed corrected brief, submitted to fix unlocatable quotations, added a citation that does not appear to be a real case.
Consequence
Here the court ordered the signing attorney to show cause under Rule 11, section 1927, and inherent authority, with a declaration on her research and citation checks; pending.
Lesson
Here the court was particularly concerned that a corrected brief, filed after notice from opposing counsel and the court, contained the same kind of errors.
Verified September 30, 2026
- Citation
- Euphoric, LLC v. Westport Cmty. Improvement Dist., No. 4:25-cv-00023-RK, Order (W.D. Mo. June 22, 2026) (Ketchmark, J.), Doc. 501; see also Order (W.D. Mo. June 3, 2026), Doc. 476, at 32-34 n.32
- Filing date
- June 22, 2026
Summary
Three plaintiffs (Euphoric, LLC; The Sourze, LLC; and UNIKC, LLC) sued the Westport Community Improvement District and others. In a June 3, 2026 order on motions to dismiss, Judge Roseann A. Ketchmark noted in footnote 32 that "a number of citations in Plaintiffs' briefs are incorrect and somewhat inaccurate or misleading in substance," gave examples (wrong case numbers, Westlaw cites, and dates; cases cited for propositions they do not support; a quotation not found in the cited case), and reminded all counsel of their duty. On June 22, the court turned to The Sourze's opposition to a motion to exclude an expert: it attributed quotations to "Bonin v. Chadron Community Hospital" and "Watson v. Argee Transportation Co." that do not appear in those cases; it found no case with the Watson language or both Bonin passages. The Sourze moved to file a corrected brief, calling the errors "inadvertent" and the result of "drafting errors." The court found the proposed corrected brief, signed by Cecilia J. Brown of Cecilia Nuby & Associates LLC, contained more: a "Rodriguez v. United States, 823 F.3d 593" citation that "does not appear to reference an actual case," a quotation from it the court could not locate in Westlaw or Lexis, quotations attributed to the wrong case, and cases that did not support the stated propositions.
- AI tool:
- Unidentified (neither order finds AI use; the June 3, 2026 order said counsel's duty applies "whatever the root cause for these inaccuracies and errors (including any use of legal or non-legal generative AI tools, for example)"; the June 22 show-cause order does not mention AI)
- Amount or terms:
- None yet; show-cause order under Rule 11, 28 U.S.C. 1927, and the court's inherent authority, requiring a declaration and a response brief by July 8, 2026
What is the current procedural posture?
The court denied The Sourze's motion to file the corrected brief as moot and ordered Brown to show cause why she should not be sanctioned under Rule 11, 28 U.S.C. 1927, and the court's inherent authority. Her response had to include a declaration explaining how she researched and drafted the two filings, what she did to validate the citations, what she did differently from her earlier briefing, and what procedures will prevent inaccurate citations in future filings, plus a brief of up to 15 pages, due July 8, 2026. The court said the deficiencies "directly implicate counsel's duty of candor to the Court." In a footnote it noted that UNIKC's counsel, Stephen Williams, had signed some of the earlier deficient briefs, directed the order only to Brown as the signer of the two filings, and said nothing in it forecloses other action on earlier or future briefs. The docket shows Brown's response filed July 9, 2026 (ECF No. 527) and no ruling on it through September 24, 2026.
Why does Euphoric, LLC v. Westport Community Improvement District matter for law firms using AI?
This matter shows a court escalating in stages. In its June 3, 2026 ruling on the defendants’ motions to dismiss, the court flagged in a long footnote that “a number of citations in Plaintiffs’ briefs are incorrect and somewhat inaccurate or misleading in substance,” set out representative examples, and stated that it did “not presume that the erroneous citations and assertions in Plaintiffs’ briefing were submitted or made in bad faith or with any ill intent by counsel.” It then reminded counsel that “whatever the root cause for these inaccuracies and errors (including any use of legal or non-legal generative AI tools, for example),” attention to the form and substance of legal authority is a duty of counsel as officers of the court.
The June 22 order took up two more filings. The Sourze’s opposition to a motion to exclude an expert attributed quotations to Bonin and Watson that do not appear in those cases; the court could find no case containing the Watson language, or one containing both Bonin passages together. The Sourze’s motion to amend described the errors as “inadvertent” and the result of “drafting errors” and said the corrected brief would use “correct, verified citations.” The court found the proposed corrected brief cited “Rodriguez v. United States, 823 F.3d 593,” which “does not appear to reference an actual case,” attributed quotations from one Missouri case to another, and cited several decisions for propositions they did not support. The court called it “inexplicable” that the corrected filing “contains more of the same.”
The show-cause order is directed only to the signing attorney, and it asks for process, not just an apology: how she researched and drafted the filings, how she validated each citation, what she did differently after notice, and what procedures will apply going forward. As of the last docket entry read, her response was on file and the court had not ruled. Firms documenting compliance may wish to consider that, in this case, the court treated a firm’s correction of flagged citations as a filing that itself had to be verified, and measured the new errors against the notice already given.
Implications for your firm
Operational steps a firm reading this case may wish to consider documenting. Strategic and rule-application calls belong to your firm's attorneys.
- Verify a corrective filing more carefully than the original. The court called it "inexplicable" that the motion to amend, filed to supply "correct, verified citations," contained more of the same errors.
- Document the citation-checking steps for each brief. The show-cause order requires a declaration on how counsel researched and drafted the filings and what she did to validate the form of each citation, the quoted language, and the stated holdings.
- Review what co-counsel sign. The court noted that another plaintiff's counsel signed some of the earlier deficient briefs and said the order does not foreclose other action regarding them.
- Consider that an early warning becomes the baseline. The June 3 order did not presume bad faith and addressed the errors in a footnote; the June 22 order relied on that notice in directing a show-cause.
Sources
Primary sources
- AI attribution is a Charlotin tracker inference. The June 3 order mentions generative AI only as one possible root cause among others and did not presume bad faith, saying it was aware of no facts suggesting it; the June 22 show-cause order does not mention AI.
- Brown's show-cause response (ECF No. 527, filed July 9, 2026) was not read; its content, including any account of AI use, is unknown. No ruling on the show-cause order appears on the CourtListener docket through the last entry read (Sept. 24, 2026).