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Lindsey Newell v. The Law Offices of Travis R. Walker, P.A.

U.S. District Court, Southern District of Florida · S.D. Fla. · Florida bar guidance

Court sanction

Verified May 11, 2026

Citation
Newell v. Law Offices of Travis R. Walker, P.A., No. 25-14017-CIV-MIDDLEBROOKS/MAYNARD, 2026 WL 507533 (S.D. Fla. Feb. 13, 2026) (Maynard, M.J.)
Decided
February 13, 2026

Summary

In an FDCPA and FCCPA action against a debt-collecting law firm, U.S. Magistrate Judge Shaniek Mills Maynard issued a Report and Recommendation granting plaintiff Lindsey Newell's motion for additional discovery sanctions against the Law Offices of Travis R. Walker, Travis Walker personally, and Florida Legal Collections, P.A. The discovery failures were severe and unrelated to AI on their face: missing client file, no produced collection records, no compliance policies, refusal to produce the actual person in charge of collections. In footnote 2, however, the court disclosed that defense counsel Seth Adam Kolton (Shendell & Pollock PL) filed an opposition brief (DE 87) containing apparent AI hallucinations. After the court flagged it, Kolton withdrew the brief and refiled an amended response (DE 100) that itself acknowledged "additional hallucinations" in the original and replaced many incorrect case citations, though the court noted the amended brief's substance did not materially differ.

AI tool:
Unspecified generative AI
Sanction amount:
$5,000
This case summary is informational only. Verify the underlying opinion or order against the primary source before relying on it in any filing or client matter.

What sanction did the court impose?

$5,000 in fees and costs jointly and severally against all three defendants, preclusion of the bona fide error defense, designation of facts as established (defendants lack records demonstrating FDCPA/FCCPA compliance), preclusion of evidence about contents of the missing client file, preclusion of two undisclosed witnesses (Angel Morales, Luke Carpentier), and preclusion of the affirmative defense that defendants properly transferred the client file. No separate monetary penalty was levied for the hallucinated brief itself; the court's footnote treats it as context for the broader pattern of defense conduct.

Why does Lindsey Newell v. The Law Offices of Travis R. Walker, P.A. matter for law firms using AI?

Newell is the AI-hallucination case that almost was not. The headline sanction, $5,000 plus a stack of evidentiary preclusions, is for old-fashioned discovery stonewalling by a law firm that was itself the defendant. The AI angle lives in a footnote: defense counsel filed an opposition brief the court flagged as containing hallucinated authorities, then refiled an amended brief that, by counsel’s own admission, contained more. For a managing partner, the lesson is that hallucinations rarely surface in isolation. They tend to appear alongside other signs of an under-supervised matter, and a court that is already unhappy with a party’s discovery conduct will notice fake citations faster and treat them as confirmation rather than aberration.

Sources

Primary sources

Further reading

Source PDF is a Westlaw printout mirrored from the Damien Charlotin hallucination database. We are working to add the underlying court docket (PACER, CourtListener, or court website) as a second source.

Unverified claims:
  • The specific AI tool used by defense counsel was not identified in the order; the court referred only to "an apparent artificial intelligence hallucination" in DE 87.
  • The number and identity of fabricated citations in the original and amended responses are not enumerated in the Report and Recommendation; verifying them would require pulling DE 87, DE 99, and DE 100 from PACER.
  • Whether the District Judge adopted the Report and Recommendation before the case was stayed was not confirmed. On March 13, 2026, District Judge Middlebrooks entered an Order Staying Case (DE 138) following Defendants' Suggestion of Bankruptcy (DE 133, March 9, 2026). The bankruptcy automatic stay may have intervened before or shortly after any adoption order. Verification requires pulling the Feb-March 2026 docket entries from PACER.