June 1, 2026 (in 3 days): New York: 22 NYCRR Part 161 takes effect, system-wide AI policy for all UCS courts

Shahid v. Esaam

Georgia Court of Appeals, First Division · Ga. Ct. App. · Georgia bar guidance

Court sanction

Verified May 5, 2026

Citation
Shahid v. Esaam, 2025 Ga. App. LEXIS 299, No. A25A0196 (Ga. Ct. App. June 30, 2025)
Decided
June 30, 2025

Summary

Attorney Diana Lynch submitted briefs in a divorce proceeding containing 11 fabricated citations out of 15 total. The trial court had itself relied on two fictitious cases apparently imported from appellee's brief. On appeal, the Court of Appeals vacated the trial court's order and remanded for a new hearing. The court imposed the maximum available sanction under Georgia Court of Appeals Rule 7(e)(2).

AI tool:
AI (unspecified)
Sanction amount:
$2,500
This case summary is informational only. Verify the underlying opinion or order against the primary source before relying on it in any filing or client matter.

What sanction did the court impose?

Trial court order vacated and remanded. $2,500 penalty imposed on attorney Lynch for filing a frivolous motion for attorney fees -- the maximum available under Ga. Ct. App. R. 7(e)(2). The court cited Chief Justice John Roberts' 2023 Year-End Report on AI hallucinations, noting AI applications are 'prone to hallucinations' causing submission of cites to non-existent cases. The court's willingness to impose the maximum available penalty was the operative signal.

Why does Shahid v. Esaam matter for law firms using AI?

Shahid v. Esaam is Georgia’s clearest signal on AI-hallucinated citations: the Court of Appeals went to the top of its available sanction range and did not save the maximum for a more egregious future case. The opinion is also notable for its doctrinal ripple — the trial court had adopted fictitious citations from the appellee’s brief, illustrating how an unverified AI filing can contaminate the decision being appealed.

Sources

Primary sources

Further reading